Consultative development: zoning and management plan
Formalise and enhance local customs and institutions legally. Conduct consultations (in the case of Nusa > 30) with community groups, government, and private dive operators with specific attention directed to each stakeholder group’s context. Identify core zones of high resilience, thus high conservation value. Core zones have high coral reef biodiversity serving as spawning sites, and no coral bleaching during temporarily high sea-surface temperatures.
• Commitment from local government on MPA establishment
• Community support and culture that respects nature and acknowledges peoples’ dependence on coastal and marine resources
• Location of the MPA close to the mainland (access) and not too large in terms of size for management reasons
Planning and developing an MPA should involve a range of central and local government agencies, the local community(ies) concerned, marine tour operators and other marine users.