Biophysical characteristics
Supplementary irrigation takes into account biophysical characteristics of the area it is implemented in. Taking into consideration soils, crops, landscape to irrigation and capacity of the technology is an essential building block.
- Soil: Irrigation system application rate should be such that it is equal to or less than the infiltration rate of the soil.
- Crop: Its interaction with climatic parameters is deciding when and how much water to apply.
- Landscape of the irrigation site: If the land is uneven, water cannot flow at a constant rate and cannot reach every corner of the field.
- Capacity of the reservoir: When deciding the capacity, it should be sufficient to meet the crop water demand.
Its implementation must ensure that farmers understand the practice and how to operate/manage it properly and also adapt to biophysical characteristics. Most important is determining best time to irrigate and the right amounts to maximize water use efficiency and productivity. Integration of cultural practices and improved varieties is important to achieve best results.