Maristanis: an integrated coastal and wetlands management

Andrea Liverani
Publié: 01 août 2022
Dernière modification: 01 août 2022
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Summary

The proposed intervention is part of a complex project, Maristanis, funded by the Mava Foundation and coordinated by the MEDSEA Foundation. Maristanis developed activities regarding governance, water quality and saving, restoration (sea and land-based) and agriculture and fishing involvement. In the governance framework, the project focussed on creating an integrated management model offering a long-term management strategy for the coastal wetlands found in the Gulf of Oristano – a new regional park. It contributed to balancing social and environmental needs and paved the way to recognise the economic and cultural potential of the wetlands. As the implementation of the intervention was still underway, a self-assessment using the IUCN Global Standard for Nature-based Solutionsᵀᴹ was carried out. It was used to identify entry points to strengthen the intervention under the umbrella of Nature-based Solutions.

Classifications

Region
Europe de l’Ouest et du Sud
Scale of implementation
Intranational
Local
Ecosystem
Herbiers marins
Lagune
Marais salant
Plage
Terres cultivées
Zones humide (marécage, marais, tourbière)
Écosystème agricole
Écosystèmes d'eau douce
Écosystèmes marins et côtiers
Theme
Adaptation au changement climatique
Agriculture
Atténuation du changement climatique
Cadre juridique et politique
Connaissances traditionnelles
Distribution d'eau et gestion des ressources en eau
Espèces exotiques envahissantes
Fragmentation et la dégradtion de l'habitat
Gestion des espaces côtiers et marins
Gestion et Planification des Aires protégées et conservées
Gouvernance des Aires protégées et conservées
L'intégration de la biodiversité
Prévention de l'érosion
Pêche et aquaculture
Restauration
Réduction des risques de catastrophes
Sensibilisation et communications
Services écosystèmiques
Tourisme
Species Conservation and One Health Interventions
Surveillance de la santé de la faune (pour capturer la biodiversité, la santé, les maladies et la surveillance des agents pathogènes)
Surveillance des espèces et recherche
Gestion/élimination des espèces envahissantes
Communication des risques, engagement communautaire et changement de comportement
Challenges
Inondations
Hausse des températures
Perte de biodiversité
Montée du niveau des mers
Ondes de tempêtes
Utilisations conflictuelles / impacts cumulatifs
Érosion
Perte de l'écosystème
Espèces envahissantes
Gestion inefficace des ressources financières
Manque d'accès au financement à long terme
Manque d'autres possibilités de revenu
Manque de sensibilisation du public et des décideurs
Manque de capacités techniques
Mauvaise surveillance et application de la loi
Mauvaise gouvernance et participation
Sustainable development goals
ODD 6 - Eau propre et assainissement
ODD 12 - Consommation et production responsables
ODD 13 - Mesures relatives à la lutte contre les changements climatiques
ODD 14 - Vie aquatique
ODD 15 - Vie terrestre
Aichi targets
Objectif 1: Sensibilisation accrue de la biodiversité
Objectif 2: Valeurs de la biodiversité intégrées
Objectif 5: Perte d'habitat réduite de moitié ou diminuée
Objectif 7: Agriculture, aquaculture et sylviculture durable
Objectif 9: Espèces exotiques envahissantes évitées et contrôlées
Objectif 10: Ecosystèmes vulnérables au changement climatique
Objectif 11: Aires protégées et conservées
Objectif 14: Services des écosystèmes
Objectif 15: Restauration et la résilience des écosystèmes
Objectif 17: Stratégies de la biodiversité et des plans d'action
Objectif 18: Connaissances traditionnelles
Objectif 19: Partage de l'information et de la connaissance
Business engagement approach
Engagement direct avec des associations
Indirect à travers des gouvernements
(I)NDC Submission

Emplacement

Oristano, Oristano, Italy
Afficher sur Planète protégée

Challenges

Overexploitation, land-use changes, hydrological alterations, pollution and anthropogenic pressures pose risks to ecosystem health and biodiversity as well as the economic, social and cultural benefits derived from the wetland ecosystems. The coastal area of the Gulf of Oristano includes six Ramsar sites, 19 Natura 2000 sites in 11 municipalities and one Marine Protected Area across approx. 7,700 ha along 140 km of coastline.

The presence of 11 Municipalities determines some failures in wetlands management. The presence of a single authority devoted to wetlands management (a Regional Park) would guarantee a greater commitment also in the search for regular funds and consequently better planning of activities in the medium and long term. The main economic activities in the region include artisanal fishing, agriculture and tourism, which have often different needs and perceptions of the wetlands. 

Beneficiaries

Fisheries and farming associations, territorial authorities, local companies, fishermen, farmers, tourism operators

Comment les blocs constitutifs interagissent-ils entre eux dans la solution?

The building blocks highlight a number of key insights that emerged from the assessment of the integrated coastal and wetlands management intervention in the Gulf of Oristano.

Strong analysis and data collection carried out over the five years of the project provided the basis for interlinking all the activities developed in the project and emphasised in the Building Blocks.

This activity facilitated and made efficient the work of the Coastal Contract Technical Secretariat, which accompanied the municipalities in the administrative and technical procedures of defining the strategic objectives and actions of the Coastal Wetland Contract.

Finally, a wide-ranging process of involvement and awareness-raising of key actors in the area, agricultural sector, fishing, tourism, environmental associations, etc. accompanied the project in all its phases and activities, in particular during the definition of the Coastal Wetland Contract. Both individual and public meetings were used.

   

Impacts

The main positive impact of the proposed and implemented governance model is to guarantee management and coordination between the several involved actors  (11 municipalities, the regional government, the water authority, more than 50 main economic companies, etc.),  The scope of the governance is to strengthen the conservation of coastal and marine habitats, reinforce resilience to climate change impacts and reduce water consumption, abstraction, pollution and contamination. More than 70 stakeholders participated in the 9 official meetings of the participation process presenting the Coastal Wetland Contract and the opportunities arising from the institution of a Regional Park.

Speaking instead of the more practical activities:

  • The area that has benefited from the restoration measures developed in the project is estimated at about 600 ha.
  • The new island for bird nesting has a surface of 110 square meters, a building with 143 cubic meters of mussels inside to 1100 jute sacks.
  • Precision agriculture measures were tested on more than 200 hectares, mainly with drones on maize and rice cultivation. Sub-irrigation technologies were tested on 9 hectares cultivated with (organic) artichokes and strawberries, and surface micro-irrigation on three carrot hectares. A precision agriculture project with satellites on 5000 hectares, mainly used to cultivate maize for feeding cattle, was developed.

Story

“The Maristanis Contract can allow us to overcome a series of constraints related to the provisions on aid to businesses, especially those in the fishing sector, which more than any other is suffering because of climate change. The Coastal Contract may become a driving force for investments. The fishing sector needs it. There’s still a lot to be developed". Alessandro Porcu, technical director of the S. Andrew Fishermen's Cooperative.


 

"Our territory is characterized by its inability to transform resources into products. Travellers who visit the Gulf of Oristano complain about the absence of a system that makes environment, culture and tourism parts of the same system. We hope that the park will create these conditions in the shortest possible time". Maria Roberta Sanna, owner of the Mistral I and Mistral II hotels in Oristano.

 

"The creation of a park can also positively influence the approach to tourism, making it more aware of the extraordinary importance that the six Ramsar sites of Oristano represent in terms of wildlife". Gabriele Pinna, ornithologist and president of the LIPU of Oristano

 

"The creation of the park and an integrated governance is “desirable”. The Coastal Agreement is the place for discussion and synthesis that can simplify the bureaucratic processes, often a burden to the entrepreneurs' initiatives, especially when they want innovation to intercept the environmental need". Paolo Mele, president of Confagricoltura Sardegna.

 

"The contract provides us with a great tool, especially when it comes to bureaucratic simplification. Streamlining the dialogue between companies and institutions is of major importance. It is up to us, then, to take advantage of it and seize this great opportunity”. Andrea Liverani, Smart Geo Survey s.r.l. and local entrepreneur


 

"The Coastal Contract is with no doubt a useful tool to promote the area and contribute to local development. Being part of this group will allow us to propose paths and objectives that go in the direction of protecting nature and sustainable development”. Francesca Figus, marketing manager of Nieddittas, a leading mussels-farming company in the Gulf of Oristano.

Contribué par

Portrait de francescaetzi_41831

Francesca Etzi MEDSEA Foundation

Other contributors

Francesca Antonelli, Alessandra Pome', Emmanuelle Cohen-Shacham
SCP/RAC expert contribution
Alessandro Miraglia and Magali Outters
SCP/RAC supervision and coordination