Wildlife Friendly Patagonian Fiber: Building capacity for sustainability of guanaco use.

Ramiro Ovejero
Publié: 19 août 2021
Dernière modification: 30 juin 2022
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Résumé

"Why? We must think on Wildlife "Friendly" Actions (WFA)"

 

The purpose of this solution is to highlight and expand the importance of the sustainable use of guanaco fiber due to the potential of this activity to generate local socio-economic development and become an effective conservation tool reducing the impact of the human footprint. To achieve this, we propose to 1) Promote the sustainable use of wild guanaco populations through demonstrative experiences of live-shearing in La Payunia Reserve; 2) Encourage the generation of a chain that increases the commercial value of the guanaco fiber by linking primary production sectors with the national and international textile sector; 3) Generate WFA certifications that increase the market value of the fiber, and 4) Encourage WFA actions through effective communication strategies giving visibility to the sustainable management of wild guanacos. “We believe in the power of consumers to change the Land-use paradigms”

 

 

 

 

Classifications

Région
Amérique du Sud
Ampleur de la mise en œuvre
Local
Multinational
National
Ecosystème
Désert chaud
Désert froid
Prairie tempérée, savane, maquis
Écosystèmes de désert
Écosystémes des prairies
Thème
Accès et partage des avantages
Acteurs locaux
Adaptation au changement climatique
Cadre juridique et politique
Connaissances traditionnelles
Connectivité / conservation transfrontières
Entretien des infrastructures
Financement durable
Fragmentation et la dégradtion de l'habitat
Gestion des espèces
Gestion des terres
Gestion et Planification des Aires protégées et conservées
Gouvernance des Aires protégées et conservées
L'intégration de la biodiversité
L'intégration du genre
Moyens d'existence durables
Non répertorié
Restauration
Science et recherche
Services écosystèmiques
Standards/ certification
Conservation des espèces et interventions axées sur l’approche « Une seule santé »
Conservation génétique
Évaluation du statut de l'espèce
Surveillance des espèces et recherche
Gestion intensive des espèces (in situ ou ex situ)
Planification de la conservation des espèces
Une seule santé
Bonne gouvernance des paysages
Commerce des animaux sauvages et conflits homme-animaux sauvages
Défis
Désertification
Sécheresse
Hausse des températures
Perte de biodiversité
Incendies
Utilisations conflictuelles / impacts cumulatifs
Perte de l'écosystème
Braconnage
Développement d’infrastructure
Manque d'accès au financement à long terme
Manque d'autres possibilités de revenu
Changements dans le contexte socio-culturel
Manque d'infrastructures
Manque de sensibilisation du public et des décideurs
Manque de capacités techniques
Mauvaise gouvernance et participation
Chômage / pauvreté
Objectifs de développement durable
ODD 3 - Bonne santé et bien-être
ODD 5 - Égalité entre les sexes
ODD 8 - Travail décent er croissance économique
ODD 9 - Industrie, innovation et infrastructure
ODD 12 - Consommation et production responsables
ODD 15 - Vie terrestre
Objectifs d’Aichi
Objectif 1: Sensibilisation accrue de la biodiversité
Objectif 2: Valeurs de la biodiversité intégrées
Objectif 4: Production et consommation durables
Objectif 5: Perte d'habitat réduite de moitié ou diminuée
Objectif 10: Ecosystèmes vulnérables au changement climatique
Objectif 11: Aires protégées et conservées
Objectif 13: Sauvegarde de la diversité génétique
Objectif 14: Services des écosystèmes
Objectif 15: Restauration et la résilience des écosystèmes
Objectif 17: Stratégies de la biodiversité et des plans d'action
Objectif 18: Connaissances traditionnelles
Objectif 19: Partage de l'information et de la connaissance
Cadre de Sendai
2: Réduire nettement, d’ici à 2030, le nombre de personnes touchées par des catastrophes.
3: Réduire, d’ici à 2030, les pertes économiques directes dues aux catastrophes en proportion du produit intérieur brut (PIB).
6: Améliorer nettement, d’ici à 2030, la coopération internationale avec les pays en développement en leur fournissant un appui approprié et continu afin de compléter l’action qu’ils mènent à l’échelle nationale pour mettre en œuvre le présent Cadre.
Approches pour l’engagement des entreprises
Indirect par le biais des consommateurs
Indirecte par le biais des institutions financières
Indirect à travers des gouvernements
Soumission (I)NDC

Emplacement

Mendoza, Argentina | Jujuy, Catamarca, Neuquén, Chubut, Santa Cruz
Afficher sur Planète protégée

Défis

100 years of sheep farming in Patagonia led to human intolerance of guanacos, which combined with illegal hunting, has decimated wildlife populations across protected areas. Our project completed targets in 1)biodiversity conservation, by increasing the abundance and viability to one of the few existing populations that continue to exhibit annual long-distance migrations, recovery their functional role, and change the negative perception by local people for a positive one. 2)Land management, by reducing the process of desertification of arid ecosystem because livestock is poorly managed and stocked at densities beyond the carrying capacity of the range. 3) Social Solution, by building a unique textile center in the region (inside la Payunia), generating local labor, and avoiding the emigration of young people to urban centers.

 

 

Bénéficiaires

A community (more than 60 families) self-organized in a cooperative-"Payun Matru". This award will help to create WFA trainers with Coop. members, to consolidate the experience in the region and expand WFA to other provinces (i.e, Chubut, Santa Cruz). 

Comment les blocs constitutifs interagissent-ils entre eux dans la solution?

The four blocks (B1, B2, B3, B4) must work in a "bottom-up" relationship, the first (and most important) step is to obtain the raw material, the wool. The orange lines are the first steps to complete in B1, the green lines are the steps to complete in B2, the yellow lines are the steps to complete in B3 (we must meet the WFEN requirements of social and ecological sustainability, population viability of the species under management).

Impacts

"Biodiversity conservation and Land management problem"

One of South America’s most vexing and polarizing challenges is how the “best way” to manage public lands established for multiple uses such as natural resource extraction, wildlife, and recreation. In arid Patagonia, more than 95% of the land is privately owned and, for the most part, was converted to sheep farming which led to severe desertification of habitats and the decline of wild species such as guanaco. As livestock husbandry has become less profitable in the last decades, many people are seeking economic alternatives.

"WFA solution impacts on biodiversity conservation and land management" 

A community self-organized in a cooperative ("Payun Matru") of people living around La Payunia reserve has been carrying up live shearing of guanacos to collect their valuable wool. We consider that the use of wild camelids (our wildlife) would have a fundamental role in reducing the process of desertification of arid ecosystems (landscape-protected area solution), providing an economic alternative (added to the high commercial value of the guanaco fiber in the external market) for local producers (social solution) and increasing the profitability of the land. We change Conflict with COEXISTENCE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Histoire

Ramiro Ovejero

"The Conflict"

One of South America’s most vexing and polarizing challenges is how the “best way” to manage public lands established for multiple uses such as natural resource extraction, wildlife, and recreation. In arid Patagonia, more than 95% of the land is privately owned and, for the most part, was converted to sheep farming which led to intolerance of guanaco in these areas, combined with illegal hunting, has decimated populations. Migration by guanacos is an endangered ecological phenomenon that persists in only a few populations (i.e in Payunia).

In rural Patagonia there are still transhumant herders, who travel along traditional routes with their flocks up to 200 km between winter and summer feeding grounds, accompanied by their families and sometimes even the children’s school teacher. Livestock is stocked at densities beyond the carrying capacity of the range, and herds are poorly managed, increasing competitive interactions with wildlife (i.e guanacos), and making livestock more susceptible to diseases that can be passed to native wildlife. This results in poor condition of livestock, decades of overgrazing (of the grasslands of the Patagonian Steppe), and an increasingly drier climate have made it more difficult for herders to survive and for ranchers to stay solvent threatening their livelihoods and culture.

"The Solution"

The local herders need an alternative to make a better living off of fewer goats and sheep. In turn, this will help habitat to recover, and reduce competition and conflict with wildlife. The guanaco is the most widely distributed of the South American Camelids, ranging from Patagonia north through western Argentina to Peru. The Payún wool is produced by the “Payún Matrú” self-organized cooperative of ranchers, many of whom are from families which have been producing goat wool for between 50-100 years on La Payunia, a 6,641 km2 protected area in Northern Patagonia. The distinctive of Payunia is based on its volcanic aspect, its landscapes, its reliefs, logically in relation to the fauna (home to over 25000 guanacos), the unique flora (“La Payunia” phytogeographic district), and the cultural aspects of the area. We are focus on this desirable solution, in order to get the Payun fiber Certification from Wildlife Friendly® association. Herders and ranchers agree to manage their livestock in coexistence with guanacos in a sustainable way. These fine fibers contribute to preserving wildlife habitat, sustainable livelihoods, and a way of life.

Contribué par

Portrait de ovejerorama_40436

Ramiro Ovejero Instituto de Ecología Regional (IER) -CONICET-Tucumán

Autres contributeurs

Antonella Panebianco
Grupo de Investigación en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestres (GIEFAS) INIBIOMA - CONICET.
Pablo Gregorio
Grupo de Investigación en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestres (GIEFAS) INIBIOMA - CONICET.
Natalia Schroeder
Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Zonas Áridas-(IADIZA-CONICET-MENDOZA)
Antonella Marozzi
Grupo de Investigación en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestres (GIEFAS) INIBIOMA - CONICET.
Virginia Rago
Grupo de Investigación en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestres (GIEFAS) INIBIOMA - CONICET.
Leonardo Leggieri
Grupo de Investigación en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestres (GIEFAS) INIBIOMA - CONICET.
Pablo Carmanchahi
Grupo de Investigación en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestres (GIEFAS) INIBIOMA - CONICET.