Numeric modelling of hydro- and sediment-dynamics
In order to support decision makers for planning and prioritizing coastal protection measures based on latest evidence, several methods were developed and tested. Along 400 km shores at the coast of the Mekong Delta, ‘coastal numerical modelling’ and some recent investigations on currents, waves and tides have shown where breakwater fences are an appropriate solution to halt erosion and where other solutions are needed. The ‘video shoreline assessment’ is an in-expensive method to gather up-to-date information on threatening erosion hot spots and shoreline condition. With this tool, more than 470 km of coast in Kien Giang and Ca Mau have been classified as stable or in different stages of erosion. ‘Historical mapping’ looks back into the course of the shoreline about 130 years ago and was piloted in Soc Trang. This tool helps decision makers to understand the natural dynamics of the coastline and its dramatic retreat during this period. The ‘sea-dyke quick scan assessment’ is supporting the authorities in provinces and national ministries to prioritize sea-dyke construction in a resourceful and sustainable way. The results of these decision support tools are an the pre-condition for the planning of the coastal protection system.
1) Inclusion of a benefit sharing scheme: clam cooperatives pay co-management groups (local population) to ensure a well-maintained and protected mangrove forest. 2) Education and training to communicate knowledge on greater environmental processes.
While the programme has developed a number of effective solutions in Phase I, it has become apparent that these solutions can only be implemented at a broad scale when they are part of the Vietnamese government system. So far, many of the solutions could be applied in the framework of a development programme, because current rules for Vietnamese authorities do not always allow such measures – for instance regarding mangrove rehabilitation, where current cost-norms force foresters to plant the cheapest mangrove varieties which are often not suitable for the areas they are planted in. This is why the programme worked closely with the Vietnamese authorities and relevant research institution to ensure that the solutions developed by the programme are now included in government regulations and are applied by government authorities also independent of our programme.