The Water Requirement Tool calculates the water requirement for a variety of crops and livestock according to geographic and climatic parameters, supporting advisors and farmers in assessing the amount of water necessary for the irrigation system. This prevents excessive pumping as well as insufficient irrigation.
Local data on crop water needs, monthly precipitation, surface water bodies and ground water aquifer systems, on water licensing and abstraction rights, and water source flow rates; resources provided (for example, by the FAO).
Excessive pumping can lead to groundwater depletion. This means that groundwater is extracted at a rate faster than it can be replenished. Aquifer depletion can lead to loss of ecosystems and wetlands, increased greenhouse gas emissions, land subsidence and social conflicts with other water users. Any SPIS development must therefore be integrated into the prevailing legal and regulatory frameworks and into the local water/groundwater management planning and monitoring.