Funding for Nest Sponsorships through Hatchery Tours

We offer free hatchery tours to all of our guests who stay at Rimba. Here we explain to them why hatcheries are necessary for Pulau Sibiu and the processes involved. They hear in detail about how turtles naturally nest and the natural threats they need to avoid to ensure survival. 

 

We explain to them how we pay above market value for the eggs to encourage locals to sell them to us and how this money is funded by groups or individuals. From here it is up to the guests whether they would like to financially support the project by adopting a nest. 

 

It is never a "hard sell" but the question normally arises - "how is this funded?" We explain that in return the "adoptive parents" receive a video of their nest hatching, t-shirts and a certificate of adoption.

 

By providing a free educational service of a hatchery tour we are raising awareness about the turtle's struggles while at the same time offering tourists a way to support conservation. 

We have a constant stream of supporters, some who come just to visit the resort and some who learn through friends or social media about our conservation efforts. Because of these people, we are able to fund the project. We are entirely self sufficient but can only run successfully based on external funding. 

We learnt that it is a numbers game - the more hatchery tours you provide, the more nest sponsorships you receive. 

Social Media Drives for Materials

Through our social media pages we schedule a post a few times a year asking for donations from guests and supporters. We ask for materials which could be used in conservation club such as arts and crafts materials. We specify that items such as glitter are not required as they are not environmentally friendly. We also ask for them not to be brought specifically for us but items that are no longer needed that could use a new home. We receive paint, glue, fabrics etc. This helps us stick with our ethos of re-using. Items that would normally have gone in the rubbish bin are now re-used by the kids to create something meaningful.

Social media is a truly remarkable resource allowing us to reach thousands of people at any time of the day. We also have someone in the city of Johor willing to be a donation point or arrange collection to be delivered to our island. 

In our first social media drive we received lots of glitter which we are unable to use (micro plastics.) We therefore had a stash of glitter which had to be re-donated as it's options were either landfill or used and potentially entering the oceans as a micro plastic. Now we specify that no glitter be donated. 

 

The Tool: OASIIS - Opening Access to Sustainable Independent Income Streams

OASIIS is an online platform which collates data on the socio-economic activity within and beyond protected areas. By collating disperse, and often informal information, OASIIS builds a strong case for social entrepreneurship as a driver of sustainable development.

 

By showcasing the socio-economic impact as well as the stories behind the organisations, OASIIS aims to funnel social investment in order to accellerate and grow the positive social, environmental and economic impacts of businesses which have values in harmony with that of protected areas.

Mobile internet traffic accounts for 51.2% of the total global online traffic. OASIIS must be accessible and easy to use, the platform is being designed to be mobile first, in order for it to be inclusive and accessible.

OASIIS will also be a modular tool, in order for complementary tools to be added and partnerships to be integrated. 

It is therefore key that OASIIS is flexible to satisfy individual needs and build clear case studies and stories of its application, e.g. the first OASIIS Biennial Report 2018 outlines such case studies and data.

 

The current platform is a minimum viable produce (MVP) and we are currently developing a new iteration with enhancements based on user feedback.

Engaging with users and potential users has been a key process in development. 

We have conducted a pilot within UNESCO Biosphere Reserves and after the launch of the first OASIIS Biennial Report, we have decided to expand the approach to other protected areas and beyond.

The Approach: Social Enterprise and Biosphere Reserve Development Framework

The Social Enterprise and Biosphere Reserve (SEBR) Development Framework can be applied to any protected area and aims to provide a living document that will be flexible and adaptable in different countries and contexts, within their own norms, values and approaches. As such the Framework is designed as a route map towards the emergence of social enterprise as a means to promote sustainable economic development, in harmony with social and environmental sustainability. For this reason we have developed a Framework that looks at the importance of four key Factors - Public Participation, Social Enterprise, Social Investment and Sustainable Public Procurement.

The Framework can be used to plot the current context in a protected area, highlighting local strengths and weakness in relation to 4 key Factors. Once this mapping process has been carried out an Action Plan can be designed, relevant to the particular country and BR. It is likely to take around 3 years to establish the momentum necessary for this approach to become self-organising and so sustainable into the future. 

Social capital underpins the whole Social Enterprise and Biosphere Reserve Development Framework (SEBR-DF). Social capital shapes the quantity and quality of our social interactions and how well we can act collectively to tackle issues in our lives.

It is therefore a critical resource for any intervention aiming to deliver lasting benefits.

The four factors which are key to the success of the SEBR-DF are: Social enterprise; Social investment; Sustainable public procurement; and Public participation. 

Often protected area management staff hold core skills in conservation research and when it comes to an approach which includes sustainable economic development, there can be barriers to gaining support for its implementation within these areas.

Assist Social Capital have built strong partnerships within the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve community since initiating work in this sector in 2011. In order to accelerate this process ASC Co-leads and is Secretary of a MAB Thematic Network which is composed of experts in the field and meets quarterly to discuss progress and strategies to get social entrpreneurship on the MAB agenda.

 

ASC has also influenced the International Action Plan of the UNESCO Man and Biosphere Programme, the Lima Action Plan 2016-2025. The Lima Action Plan now includes supporting and including social entrepreneurs in the activities of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves. This has allowed ASC to have an officially recognised remit within the UNESCO MAB Programme, however progress to be accepted into such work streams has remained slow.

Guiding Urbanization by Proactive Land Readjustments

The city established a large-scale land readjustment program under the reconstruction plan. The city designated almost all replotting area by the end of 1949. The readjustment contributed re-definition of the border of land plots that became blur in the war-devastated areas and supported quick reconstruction of the city. As the result of readjustment, the ratio of the city’s public assets were significantly increased: road areas by 2.12 times (2.36 times in the urban center); public parks by 3.07 times; total areas for cemeteries by 1.30 times; and station squares by 5.25 times. The readjustment project continued until 1998 and during the rapid industrialization around 1960, land adjustment became an effective way to prevent uncontrolled sprawl into the suburbs. The city extended its urban boundaries by merging the surrounding towns and villages and conducted replotting to accommodate the increasing population.

  • Localized rules for implementing the land readjustment scheme, widely used for post-war regeneration activities
  • Growth boundaries which separated the city into Urbanization Promotion Areas (UPA) and Urbanization Control Areas (UCA)

An ideal and future-looking vision for the city was drawn up in the reconstruction plan and this helps to readjust land use and create a certain amount of public spaces for future economic development and environmental sustainability. However, at the same time, it could be a risk for cities to arbitrarily extend the urban boundary during the restoration period as land readjustments become time-consuming and costly. Thus, to guide rapid urbanization properly, it is essential to proactively regulate new property developments especially in the expanding suburban areas and expedite consensus-building among a range of stakeholders with strong economic incentives and/or social interactions.

Immediate Execution of the Post-war Restoration Plan by a Strong City Government Initiative

Remarkably, the city’s postwar restoration efforts began only one month after the war ended in August 1945. To begin with, the city regulated new housing developments since many temporary dwellings were arbitrarily constructed in burned-down areas. In June 1946, the city drew up a postwar reconstruction plan covering 4,400 ha of urbanized area, and moved forward with it immediately. The prompt implementation of the plan led to different results from other cities. Although retrenchment in 1949 by the national government resulted in reconstruction plans being cut in many other cities, Nagoya’s plan was not significantly influenced because the city had already executed 90% of the process to replot temporary land. Notably, 16 “One-hundred-meter roads” (roads with a 100 meter width) were planned across the country, but only three roads – two in Nagoya and one in Hiroshima - were actually built. Nagoya achieved remarkable recovery and growth; the total area of the city doubled and the population exceeded 1 million, merely five years after the war.

  • Localized rules for implementing the land readjustment scheme, widely used for post-war regeneration activities
  • Regulating new housing development in burned-down area immediately after the war
  • Promptly implementing the restoration plan led by the municipal government.

To keep city development on the right track during a post-disaster or post-conflict restoration period, local governments need to immediately take development initiatives, control unsystematic urbanization, and accelerate successive large-scale urban and economic growth. Also, a city’s positive attitudes to attain fast-track urban restoration could strongly motivate citizens to make cooperative efforts on revitalizing their city.

Long-term Commitments and Partnerships

The long-term plan of OMY is embodied not merely by one private developer but jointly initiated by a group of public-private stakeholders across the local business districts. Indeed, the Council for Area Development and Management of OMY, being comprised of 68 landowners, 12 observers, and 8 special members in 2016, established the Advisory Committee on OMY Area Development in 1996 together with the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Chiyoda Ward, and East Japan Railway Company. As the first area management initiative in the country, the Committee regularly updates the guidelines for redevelopment activities since 1998. These guidelines set out 8 development goals, key functions of zones, axes, and hubs, district design standards, and local operation rules for coordinating cityscape, networking public open spaces, and transferring FARs. Furthermore, the committee has introduced a variety of area management and place-making initiatives such as free loop bus service, car-free public spaces, establishment of a district-level association, and various city events.

  • Council for Area Development and Management of OMY (comprised of 68 landowners, 12 observers, and 8 special members)
  • Coordination across the local govenrment, the ward government, and the railway company
  • Legalization of the Area Management Initiative

Large-scale redevelopment projects generally require the complex and painstaking coordination of property rights among various stakeholders. The long-term commitment of major developers and the establishment of horizontal partnerships are essential for intergenerational redevelopments and sustainable area management. Many details of urban design, operation, and place-making efforts must be initiated and guided in local specific ways.

Participatory mapping at community level

Participatory mapping was done by local communities in collaboration with the forestry administration and support by GIZ. It involved a true ‘cantonal’ approach by facilitating joint meetings between communities. They prepared their land use maps with guidance from advisors. This allowed to develop the relevant knowledge base for land use and restoration opportunities at regional scale and showed the importance of ecosystem connectivity in a landscape. Main steps of mapping:

  1. Preparation: Analysis & documentation of existing information, local visits to potential restoration sites, meetings with leaders of the prefecture and a launching workshop
  2. Awareness raising campaign in all 9 cantons and identification of two local cartographers per village (150 in total)  
  3. Training of local cartographers in the development of participatory maps and the use of geoinformation tools including GPS  
  4. Participatory mapping with 77 communities including joint identification of problems, mapping, verification and ground truthing of land use units by local experts and cartographers
  5. Development of final maps, validation and return of maps to local stakeholders
  • Strong political commitment due to AFR100 pledge of Togo
  • Appointment of an FLR Focal Point to the Director of Forest Resources (MERF)
  • Availability of local experts, technical & financial support from the Togolese and German government
  • Strong collaboration & knowledge exchange between projects at local, national and international level
  • High community commitment and participation via existing prefectural, cantonal and village development committees & civil society organizations
  • It was crucial to collaborate with community leaders and development committees from the beginning & use of their local knowledge about land resources and utilization
  • Communities elaborated the land use maps on their own, while the project provided the framework conditions. This leveraged ownership, trust and acceptance between communities. It made them aware about the land boundaries & utilization types, condition and location of ecosystems (forests, agro-forests, coconut plantations, forest plantations, mangroves etc.) and land ownership types (public, community, private and sacred forests).  It also enabled them to jointly identify environmental problems as the basis for identifying restoration priorities
  • A combination of locally appropriate governance & communication processes (i.e. consensual approach, respect of customary rules) with technological approaches (GPS) was very successful
Cooperative networking

Association Las Huacas has developed a Cooperative networking with different allies from private and public sectors. Partnership agreement with GEOGES C.Ltda. (environmental consultancy agency), wich has been interested into cooperate with ancient populations in order to preserve the culture and traditions, as well as to recover the optimal conditions for mangrove development and conservation.
The agreement brings to the association the technical capabilities of the Agency, in order to get the assistance to design- implement- and follow up of the management plan. The agreement has also served as a framework for cooperation at different levels – community, asociation – in order to enforce the organizational aspects of both institutions, as well as to propose and to develop alternative initiatives of production or self-employment, and the critical analysis of thrird parties cooperation initiatives.

To find the right partner, relative objectives and vision (apply to bothsides).

Total commitment to cooperation, with full involvement of the members into the planned activities.

Long-term follow-up, in order to create and to register data that will allow future decission making.

 

 

 

Active participation in identifiying issues and planning process will allow better understanding of the issues and more realistic paths to deal with it.

Try and failure process is also necessary in order to understand different dynamics working at the time, and to develop successful next steps.

Protection and sustainable management of forests

The protection and sustainable management of forests within the biosphere reserve was accompanied by the active promotion of Participatory Forest Management (PFM) and integration of PFM user groups into the trade with wild coffee and honey. The following activities were conducted:

  1. Implement Participatory Forest Management in the region with the help of local authorities
  2. Record data on activities of NGOs active in the environmental sector in the regions Kafa, Sheka, Bench Maji, Yayu. Identify possible partners for the upscaling of the coffee & honey value chain
  3. Establish cooperation with Biosphere reserve authorities to strengthen PFM support within BR boundaries
  4. Assess the existing PFM user groups, analysing and recording their potential to supply wild coffee and honey and their administrative structures.
  5. Select existing best performing PFM user groups in wild coffee collection and honey processing.

The conservation aspect through the PFM aims at the sustainable use of the natural resource base and contributes as such to the preservation of biodiversity in one of the 34 internationally identified “biodiversity hotspots”.

  • Forest establishment and conservation, sustainable forest management and landscape rehabilitation is a national priority
  • National guidelines on participatory forest management (PFM) have been put in place
  • Kafa and Sheka received biosphere reserve status in 2009, a legal basis for protecting & managing forests
  • Exchange visits between biosphere reserves to learn and identify PFM options
  • Partnerships with other projects (e.g. GIZ and FarmAfrica) supporting biosphere reserves and PFM
  • Participatory Forest Management was introduced and proofed to be a useful tool for collaboration, co-management and benefit sharing of forest resources
  • Participation and ownership of local people in sustainable, long-term management of forests has been remarkably demonstrated at field level; communities invested time and labour, they participated in the planning process leading to empowered, legalized and derived benefits from the intervention approaches
  • Members of other cooperatives, who are not members of PFM groups still access forest area in the reserves; as their access is traditionally secured through the hereditary system, working with and training these cooperatives also contributed to forest protection even if not under the umbrella of the PFM system
  • For multi-stakeholder commitment within sustainable forest management system, government institutions need further strengthening to facilitate administrative support and conflict resolutions