Local | PANORAMA

East and South Africa

Southeast Asia

South Asia

Adapting to climate change: Innovative techniques in the smallholder aquaculture sector

Global Programme

Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture

Approach

Conducting vulnerability study

Piloting intermittent harvest technique

Rolling out mitigation strategies

Sustainable Livelihoods of Kuruwitu Beach Management Unit

Alternative Income Generating incomes

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AIG's

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AIG's

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The Sustainable Livelihoods component of K-BMU was a vital element in the project, aimed at supporting associated value chain actors to improve their livelihoods. This building block involved mapping actors in the fisheries value chain, identifying opportunities for improvement through business plan development, and testing pilot trials to demonstrate viable options. The project successfully met its primary objective under Sustainable Livelihoods, contributing to the enhancement of livelihoods for K-BMU members and associated value chain actors.

Collaborative Mapping of Value Chain Actors: The joint effort by OA, KDoF, and K-BMU Executive to map all actors in the fisheries value chain facilitated a comprehensive understanding of the sector, enabling the identification of opportunities for improvement and ensuring equitable representation.
Rapid Assessment and Business Plan Development: The rapid assessment of value chains and the development of business plan outlines for various options helped identify viable and feasible opportunities for up-scaling, supporting K-BMU in making informed decisions.
Knowledge Sharing and Peer-to-Peer Training: The project's facilitation of knowledge sharing through peer-to-peer training enabled the exchange of best practices, supporting K-BMU members in exploring options for improving their livelihoods and establishing pilot demonstrations.
Support for Pilot Demonstrations: The project's assistance in establishing pilot demonstrations for various Blue Economy value chain options (e.g., product hygiene, restaurants, deep water fish opportunities, eco-tourism, Tengefu options, and coral gardening) provided K-BMU members with hands-on experience and insights into potential livelihood improvements.
Partnership and Technical Support: The partnership between OA, KDoF, and K-BMU Executive, along with the technical support provided, was crucial in facilitating the development of sustainable livelihoods for K-BMU members and associated value chain actors.

Importance of Inclusive Value Chain Mapping: The project highlighted the value of comprehensive and inclusive mapping of value chain actors, ensuring that all stakeholders are considered and represented in decision-making processes.
Viability of Diversified Livelihood Options: The experience with pilot demonstrations showed that diversifying livelihood options, such as exploring eco-tourism, Tengefu management, and coral gardening, can provide viable alternatives for improving the livelihoods of K-BMU members.
Capacity Building through Peer-to-Peer Training: The peer-to-peer training approach demonstrated its effectiveness in building capacities and sharing knowledge among K-BMU members, facilitating the adoption of best practices and new livelihood opportunities.
Need for Continuous Support and Monitoring: The project underscored the importance of ongoing support and monitoring to ensure the sustainability and scaling up of livelihood improvement initiatives, such as the pilot demonstrations established during the project.
Partnerships and Collaborative Approaches: The project's success was largely due to the collaborative efforts among OA, KDoF, K-BMU Executive, and other stakeholders, emphasizing the value of partnerships in achieving sustainable livelihood outcomes.

members of the Kuruwitu Beach Management Unit teamed up with Oceans Alive to ki…

Management effectiveness and enforcement of the Kuruwitu Beach Management Unit Co - Management Area

K-BMU Members training on MOU between different stakeholders

MOU discussion

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Kuruwitu patrol guards training on Monitoring Control and Surveillance.

MCS

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The Legal Framework of K-BMU was a foundational element in implementing the KCMA Plan, aimed at strengthening sustainable livelihoods and effective biodiversity conservation. This component involved upgrading the K-BMU Constitution and operational Bylaws, enhancing awareness among stakeholders, establishing a Monitoring Control and Surveillance (MCS) system, and initiating the gazetting process for the Fishery Limitation Sites (FLS). The project achieved its primary objective under the Legal Framework, laying a solid groundwork for the sustainable management of marine resources.

Collaboration and Partnerships: The cooperation between K-BMU Executive, Kilifi Department of Fisheries ( KDoF), Oceans Alive, and other stakeholders like Kuruwitu Conservation Welfare-CBO (KCW-CBO) was instrumental in achieving the project's objectives, including the development of a joint MCS plan and a customized Marine Spatial Plan (MSP).
Technical Support and Capacity Building: The provision of technical support by OA to K-BMU and KDoF, along with capacity-building initiatives for enforcement teams, played a crucial role in the effective implementation of the Legal Framework.
Clear Division of Roles and Responsibilities: The project facilitated the clarification of roles between KDoF and K-BMU, particularly in enforcement and reporting, contributing to a more streamlined and effective conservation effort.
Involvement of Community-Based Organizations (CBOs): The participation of KCW-CBO in the project, including the agreement on a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for cooperation, ensured that community interests and management practices (like those for Tengefu) were integrated into the overall conservation strategy.
Support for the Gazettement Process: The assistance provided to K-BMU Executive in negotiating with KDoF for the gazettement of the KCMA, Fish Landing Sites and other areas, contributed to securing tenure and legal standing for these protected areas.

Importance of Customised Solutions: The development of a customised MSP, tailored to the specific needs and user groups within the KCMA, highlighted the value of adaptive management approaches in conservation.
Community Engagement and Awareness: The project demonstrated that creating mass awareness and training members in sustainable resource use are essential components of successful conservation initiatives.
Partnerships and Agreements: The experience with the MoU between K-BMU, KCW-CBO, and KDoF showed that formal agreements can facilitate cooperation, joint operations, and benefit-sharing, leading to more effective conservation outcomes.
Legal Recognition and Security of Tenure: The process of gazettement for the KCMA and associated areas underscored the importance of legal recognition and secure tenure for the long-term protection and management of marine conservation areas.
Capacity Building for Enforcement: The project's focus on building capacity and equipping enforcement teams emphasized the critical role of effective enforcement in the success of conservation initiatives.

Kuruwitu patrol guards training on Monitoring Control and Surveillance.

Governance

Executive meeting

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The governance component of the KCMA project, led by K-BMU, was designed to enhance the management and sustainability of coastal fisheries resources in Kilifi County. This involved enhancing the capacity of K-BMU and its executive to effectively govern and manage the fisheries, ensuring that all actors whose livelihoods depend on these resources are registered, licensed, and aware of their rights and duties. The governance framework was pivotal in achieving the project's primary objective of ensuring sustainable livelihoods from coastal fisheries resources.

Collaboration and Partnerships: The partnership between Oceans Alive, KDoF, and K-BMU Executive was crucial in providing technical assistance, awareness, and capacity building.
Legal and Policy Framework: The Fisheries Act, which devolves authority of territorial fishing rights to local artisanal fishermen, provided a legal basis for the co-partnership in management and implementation of the CMA of K-BMU.
Community Engagement: Wide awareness and inclusion of all members in the BMU Assembly meetings and the democratic election of K-BMU leaders ensured equitable representation and buy-in from the community.
Capacity Building: Training and provision of technical knowledge, toolboxes, and templates for data collection and M&E empowered the K-BMU leadership to effectively implement the CMA plan.

Importance of Legal Recognition: The process highlighted the importance of legal recognition and registration of all actors involved in the fishery to ensure security of tenure and empowerment of artisanal fishers.
Community Participation: The success of the project underscored the need for widespread community participation and awareness in governance and management decisions affecting their livelihoods.
Capacity Building: Continuous capacity building of local leadership and communities is essential for sustainable management and governance of fisheries resources.
Partnerships and Collaborations: Effective partnerships between government agencies, NGOs, and local communities can significantly enhance the governance and sustainability of natural resources.
Policy and Legal Frameworks: The existence of supportive policy and legal frameworks is critical for the successful implementation of governance and management plans for fisheries resources.

4 day training of Kuruwitu BMU members on by-laws. The 50 members present ar…

Information dissemination, communication with customers

The final product's value is created through sustainable development goals. It is essential this message is passed on to the customer through the acquisition of the product, whether it be furniture, a bracelet or ball pen.

Spending time at the facility, participating in a class or tour gives exposure to the processes in an innovative and creative manner. The facilitators are expert at providing

Documentation and dissemination of results

Entirety

Local

Recycling Abandoned nets

The focal point of recycling is a step by step process that transforms waste product into a reusable, valueable substance. The composition of the net is cleaned, crushed and restructured

Abandoned nets are broken down as raw material, the raw material transitions to a Recycler. The rPET is returned in pellet form

a lot of experimentation as to timing, size, application

Implementation

Monitoring

Documentation and dissemination of results

Local

Traditional Cultural Innovation

Significant design and purposing is developed through utilising community skills that already exist. Products developed from recycled and repurposed abandoned nets display local character, flare and application. Incorporating story and background provide introduction to DYI projects available to tour groups and school programs

Repurposing infrastructure, telephone company building use as R&D and classroom resource.

Cultural weaving techniques

DYI projects provide a tangible interactive product through visiting the facility, visual and descriptive tour of processes is acted on in forming a souvenir. This product provides a focal point of disseminating awareness. Sense of accomplishment, contribution and involvement.

Cooperation with National and local government

Taiwan Enivironmental Management Authority has Fishing Policy encouraging responsible use of fishing gear. Since 2020, the Ocean Conservation Administration under the Ocean Affairs Council has engaged local governments in pilot programs for recycling and reusing abandoned fishing nets (oyster ropes) and polystyrene (floating devices). As of 2023, over 799 tons of these materials had been recycled, achieving a reuse rate of nearly 75%.

HaYi is government recognised as a collection point for abandoned nets

Implementation

Local

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Local

Government Engagement

As both the Community Fishery Conservation Trust Funds and Women’s Saving Group Conservation Funds contribute to CFi activities, it is important to engage with local government authorities to gain their support and leverage their involvement. Community Fisheries operate under a government mandate and are overseen by local Fisheries Administration authorities, who ensure that CFi activities follow both internal and national rules. Involving the Commune authorities in managing Women’s Saving Group operations helps to reduce potential sources of intergroup conflict, increase trust between members, and strengthen group management. Women’s Saving Group members respect the involvement of the Commune and are mindful of its oversight. Furthermore, some Commune’s have granted additional top up grants to Women’s Savings Groups who have performed well.

Facilitating government community relationships requires:

A trusting relationship between the community and local government authorities.
Properly constituted and officially recognized Community Fishery Organizations and Women’s Saving Groups;
Well managed Community Fishery Organizations and Women’s Saving Groups

In facilitating government community relationships, we have learnt that:

CFi’s with their own funds facilitate additional contributions from the local authorities. It is common that neither party has the capacity to fully fund an activity, but they can both provide a contribution. For example, some CFi’s have purchased a boat engine and the local authorities have donated a boat that had been confiscated for being involved in illegal activity.
CFi’s with their own action plan and finances are better able to secure the limited support able to be provided by local government authorities.

Implementation

Local