LUFASI
Awareness creation on the importance of Green Spaces.
Natural Habitat Protection and Management to reduce encroachment.
Availability of Data

Three types of data were particularly important in the design and promotion of the “Program for Earthquake-Resistant School Buildings”: school data, data on damages, and data on hazard risks. School data was collected by surveys and investigations conducted by FDMA and MEXT. A list of the surveys is indicated below.

  • School Basic Survey (annually since 1948) to collect basic data.
  • Public School Facilities Survey (annually since 1954) to collect building area and conditions of school facilities.
  • Status of Seismic Resistance of Public School Facilities (annually since 2002) to collect data on the seismic resistance of school structures as well as suspended ceilings of gymnasiums and other nonstructural elements of school buildings.

Earthquake Damage Investigation (after each mega-disaster such as the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake) to collect damage to buildings, specifically the kind of damage suffered by various types of buildings, the location where the damage occurred and under what circumstances, and the kind of earthquake that caused the damage.

Building on experiences

One of the biggest instigators for developing and promoting school retrofitting is the past experiences of earthquakes. The 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake triggered the development of the program’s comprehensive guidelines, and the program gained momentum after the 2004 Chuetsu Earthquake and 2008 Sichuan Earthquake in China which caused the collapse of 6,898 school buildings and 19,065 deaths of schoolchildren. This prompted MEXT officials to pass the revised Act on Special Measures for Earthquake Disaster Countermeasures, which supported additional national subsidies toward the school retrofitting and reconstruction program. The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake prompted the program to give higher priority to nonstructural elements and highlighted the need for tsunami countermeasures and functional improvements of schools as evacuation centers. Learning from each disaster event and applying the lessons learned to the improvement of the systems has contributed to ensuring the seismic safety of public schools.

  • Identification of the need to prioritize the subject through national policy.
  • The political will to make improvements to policies to achieve a goal.

Political will and interest to identify the retrofitting of schools as a priority initiative was essential for the national government to take measures to improve its systems and policies building on experiences. The constant effort to promote the retrofitting program was in part induced by politicians’ interest in both humanitarian and economic reasons. In a culture that prioritizes human life, a policy for making schools earthquake-resistant has the aim of saving the lives of schoolchildren. The policy also is considered an effective investment that contributes to local economies and produces tangible results that are well-received by the public.

CICLOVIAJEROS EC
Building consensus among partners through consultation
Use of social networks and non-traditional media to publicize the initiative
Financing management
Conservation fund
CICLOVIAJEROS EC
Building consensus among partners through consultation
Use of social networks and non-traditional media to publicize the initiative
Financing management
Conservation fund
CICLOVIAJEROS EC
Building consensus among partners through consultation
Use of social networks and non-traditional media to publicize the initiative
Financing management
Conservation fund
Scaling-up and sustainability of adaptation measures

Promoting EbA measures with a high level of community involvement and binational ties was an effective way to achieve greater interaction between community, municipal and national actors, and also between peers (network of resilient producers; local government encounter). The results are, on the one hand, greater local empowerment, and on the other, scaling-up of EbA measures both vertically and horizontally. Thus, contributions are made towards institutionalizing EbA and creating conditions for its sustainability. The replication of the integral farm model arose from networking between producers, communities and local governments, and from a regional project with the Binational Commission of the Sixaola River Basin (CBCRS) that provided the financing. The Agrobiodiversity Fair, the work of producers as a network, and the Binational Reforestation Events, which are now all under the auspices of local and national institutions, were important mobilizing forces of change and spaces for exchange and learning. In the vertical sense, the scaling-up of EbA included working with the CBCRS to integrate EbA in the Strategic Plan for Transboundary Territorial Development (2017-2021), and with MINAE in the National Climate Change Adaptation Policy of Costa Rica.

  • Much of the work was accomplished thanks to the channelling and guiding role of the CBCRS (created in 2009) as a binational platform for governance and dialogue, and the ACBTC as a local development association. Both advocate for local and territorial interests and know the gaps and needs that exist in the area, and with this project were able to address the challenges that communities face and improve governance in the basin, promoting an ecosystem approach and a broad participation of actors.
  • Coordinating efforts through the CBCRS has shown that it is more cost-effective to work with existing structures and governance bodies, with powers and interests in the good management of natural resources and in achieving an appropriate representation of key actors, than to aim to create new groups or committees to deal with EbA issues.
  • Improving multilevel and multisectoral governance is a fundamental part of effective adaptation. Here, the role of subnational governments (such as municipalities) needs to be underscored, since they have a mandate in the management of the territory, but also responsibilities in the implementation of national adaptation policies and programs (e.g. NDCs and NAPs).
  • The identification of spokespersons and leaders (amongst men, women and youth) is an important factor in effectively fomenting the uptake and up-scaling of EbA.
GIZ Madagascar
Inter-sectoral coordination through inter-ministerial and multi-stakeholder dialogues
Capacity building of actors
Development of national forest landscape restoration strategy
Spatial multi-criteria analysis for prioritizing landscapes for restoration
Collaboration with Private sectors to enable sustainable financing

For the continuity of the project, we need sustainable finance. Forena is currently partnering with Lux* Resorts and Hotels, Kolos, Rotary clubs, PWC(PricewaterhouseCoopers), Abax, IBL Together(Ireland Blyth Limited), HSBC(Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited) and Porlwi by nature (Ciel Group). It feeds into the overarching project to regenerate the total 11 hectares of the mountain ecosystem.Tree planting and clean up events were done with those stakeholders and their employees. These activities support the revival of the ecosystem of Citadel and Petrin, the reduction of soil erosion and desertification and allow the connection with nature and healthy living. In this way, the stakeholders get to know how their money is being spent for the reforestation of Citadel and Petrin.They are contributing to the conservation and preservation of the native forests of Mauritius indirectly. Protecting nature should not only reflect the work of non-governmental organisation but also that of stakeholders involved which would not have been possible without them.

Make sure that regular meetings are done with the stakeholders and that they are able to hold grip of what has been done and what needs to be implemented on site.

Each stakeholder must have someone who  represents them and who liaises with the non-governmental organisations because sometimes it becomes difficult when a meeting has to be set up due to different working schedules.

 

Good collaboration from partners due to their keen interest in working for the environment.

Set a formal relation with the stakeholders, explain to them the purpose and impacts of the project.

Organize activities for them on site followed by a briefing and demonstration.

Do a follow up by sending an activity report of their event and annual report for continuous partnerships in achieving full restoration of the native forest of Citadel and Petrin.

 

Reforestation activities by Non Governmental Organisations

FORENA alongside Friends of the Environment(FOE) are currently running the 'Restoration and Valorisation of the Citadel of Port Louis' project, under the Tourism Authority, with a team of experts comprised of architects, historians, archaeologists, and ecologists of the Mauritian Wildlife Foundation (MWF), that envisages the historical restoration and valorisation of the Citadel heritage to be used for tourism, education and leisure purposes.

FOE  has been active in the organisation of environmentally important conferences and seminars. They have renovated and now assume management of the Martello Tower Museum and, through the Heritage Trust, continue the rehabilitation of cemeteries. Members have been participating on many committees for the environment over the years. 

MWF works for the conservation and preservation of the nation's endangered plant and animal species. They collaborate with local and international partners, with the long-term aim of recreating lost ecosystems by saving some of the rarest species from extinction and restoring the native forests. 

Proper communication between both teams (FORENA and FOE) since we are both working on the same project but on different assigned areas of Citadel.
 

The same technique is to be applied for tree planting. If one team has changed their methodology and use a more efficient one, then they pass on the information so that the other team can use the same method.
 

We share the same gardener but each team has their own equipments.

 

 

All the mentioned non-governmental organisations share the same aim which is to be able to have the full re scale restoration at Citadel and to be able to have a proper monitoring of the native forest of Petrin. Forena acts as the link between those organisations and stakeholders to allow continous collaboration for the nature of Mauritius.

 

There are several techniques which Forena has adopted from Friend of the Environment since they had the expertise of ecologists. For example we have started using gel which allows water and nutrients to be retained around the root base of the plants and also the water bottle technique which allows efficient watering.

 

There is always a good coordination mechanism between the organisations when there is a case of vandalism or fire outbreak.