Ongoing monitoring

To ensuire the solution worked, we monitored nesting and hatchling dispersal for three consecutive seasons following beach rehabilitation, and determined that there were no impacts to nesting sea turtles or emerging hatchlings.

We had several years of baseline data with whcih to compare data post-construction. We also had access to the beach and the support of the reglator in conducting the monitoring activities.

Baseline data are crucial to determine impacts. Often industries develop infrastructure in the abence of basline data and this then precludes an assessment of impacts.

SUSTAINABILITY & QUALITY

MEET ecotourism products must satisfy a minimum criteria of sustainability and quality to be included in the MEET Catalogue. This criteria is measured and monitored against a specific set of indicators. The process is also supported by MEET tools such as the Ecological Footprint Calculator - used to measure environmental impact. MEET members commit to this monitoring on a continuous basis to ensure continued improvement of the products. MEET is currently expanding the criteria to also measure socio-economic, conservation, governance impact of ecotourism products. 

The MEET Ecological Footprint Calculator, developed during Interreg-Med DestiMED project, provides the necessary tool for protected areas and others involved to measure the ecological footprint of their ecotourism product. 

 

Furthermore, to support the use of this tool, MEET recently developed an online training module on using the calcultor. to This online training module is avaialble on www.consevationtraining.org. 

  • Ensure those involved understand the value of this measuring and monitoring from the start, as it can seem like a big undertaking initiaitlly. 
MAREA: a tool for the evaluation of marine reserves

MAREA (MArine Reserve Evaluation App) is an innovative open source web-based technology tool that automates analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of marine reserves, which must be evaluated over time. This tool uses as reference a framework with biophysical, socioeconomic and governance indicators. It also selects some indicators by default according to the objectives set during the establishment of the marine reserve or protected area, but the user can also customize the list of indicators that are of interest. For the analysis, the user must provide 1) biological, 2) socioeconomic and 3) governance data, as well as select the community, reserve and target species within the MAREA database. This will yield an overall evaluation of the reserve and an overall assessment for each of the indicators. The results will provide useful information to know the status of the marine reserves and contribute to decision making.

  1. The evaluation criteria should be aligned with the main objectives of marine reserves or protected areas.
  2. The evaluation framework should be based not only on ecological dimensions, but also on socioeconomic and governance dimensions.
  3. To promote the involvement of users in the management of marine reserves, accessible technological tools are required for their evaluation, using standardized processes.
  1. Having an automated and standardized guide and application facilitates the evaluation process of marine reserves (or protected areas) by the fishing sector and managers.
  2. In Mexico, the number of marine reserves has grown recently due to regulations that allow fishermen and fisherwomen to obtain legal recognition of certain areas (e.g., fishing refuge zones), as well as the interest of the fishing sector in conserving biodiversity and achieving sustainable fisheries. These regulations and the implementation of marine reserves are generally not accompanied by standardized guidelines for evaluating the performance of these tools.
  3. Consider the limited access to technological tools (computers) and the internet in remote communities and adapt implementation strategies, including offline versions.
Every fish counts - PescaData and mobile technology

PescaData is a mobile application that promotes and improves the collection of fisheries data, and encourages fisheries with a systematic record of their catches to move towards sustainable fisheries certification. PescaData provides the fishing sector with a tool to strengthen its administrative capacities, provide digital spaces for the exchange of products and services (marketplace) and connect with others in different regions. The objective is to share knowledge and create solutions aimed at adapting to changes in the short term and address global issues.

PescaData was created in collaboration with the fishing sector and by mid-2021, it has 681 users from 63 fishing organizations in Mexico and Latin America. It is available on the App Store and Google Play, and is free to download. PescaData has a section for registering fishing logs, the list of species and El Mercado, as well as a web page where information about the application, download links and informative blogs on relevant topics of PescaData and its implementation in the fishing sector are displayed.

  1. Participation of the fishing sector in the development and improvement of the application.
  2. To count on collaborations to achieve the economic sustainability of the platform.
  3. Advise the fishing sector on the importance of systematizing their information and the use of technological tools to create solutions.
  4. Create communication and adoption campaigns to scale the use of technological tools in general.
  5. Selection of digital innovators (influencers) in the communities to scale the application to other regions and fishing communities.
  1. Successful solutions to achieve good fisheries management and responsible appropriation of resources come from the fishing communities themselves.
  2. It is important to have financial planning to ensure the economic sustainability of the platform in the short and long term.
  3. Digital inclusion must be considered; there are fisherwomen, fishermen and communities that do not have access to internet or mobile data. The ideal is to create a platform that is freely accessible and can be used without internet.
  4. Digital tools offer a range of possibilities for small-scale fisheries. They contribute to improved fisheries management, encourage transparency, help increase the efficiency of collecting and analyzing fisheries data, build and strengthen administrative capacities, establish communication networks and foster the exchange of local knowledge. The priority for these tools is to ensure that they are available to all stakeholders.
Holistic management of grasslands and forests to improve the quality of life of communities

Holistic management can repair the cycles of water, minerals, organic matter and microbiology in mountainous territories. In addition, we can generate higher profitability, improve animal and plant health, and strengthen forest and grassland restoration in a more sustainable way. Well-managed livestock is the solution to many interconnected problems, starting with climate change, reducing the production of greenhouse gases and as carbon sinks. All of the above must be planned and developed with families in mind, since they are a fundamental axis for a successful implementation.

- Commitment of local actors who participated in the implementation and decision-making of the project

- Livestock work measures should take into account the impact that they can have on key ecosystem services 

- CONANP and communities coordinated work

- Strenghtening processes that extended the capacities of local actors and the protected areas personnel, so they could implement actions in livestock farming with an AbE approach. 

- Dialogue and awareness processes at the local level to improve natural resources conservation

- Commitment and willingness of all actors involved in order to establish agreements to create a sustainability process

- The relationship of the communities with the ecosystem services, as well as the social fabric in a community must be taken into account for a adecquate implementation

- It is necessary to create emotional awareness for the population and all the actors involved, seek coordinated work with the authorities, and dedicate sufficient time to strengthen activities through appropriate organization

- Communities have now various projects including those of dairy products, sheep production, reforestation, tourist proposals, among others.

- The support and accompaniment of institutions such as the CONANP resulted necessary to support the community in the management of the protected area and in the generation of alternative proposals that could generate income opportunities for families

3. Management actions of the directorate to monitor and track the use of public sites.

The rapid growth of tourism has caused negative impacts on reef ecosystems, caused mainly by inexperienced or careless divers. Damage has been observed since 2011. Later, in 2015 it was found that the sites of greater tourist use had more fragmented corals mainly of the genus Pocillopora. In 2016, CONANP and NIPARAJÁ participated in a workshop to exchange experiences on monitoring protocols of tourism use in Protected Natural Areas, where a standardized methodology was proposed to carry out impact monitoring and underwater monitoring. The impact assessment is carried out using the “Protocol for Monitoring Impacts and Surveillance of Snorkel and Autonomous Diving Activities for Marine Protected Areas” which has been used to know the impacts generated by recreational diving in sites with reef ecosystems, focusing on the number of contacts each diver makes on the substrate and the number of times corals are broken over time. Since 2017, the National Park personnel have been carrying out underwater monitoring and surveillance of diving groups. At each dive, a diver or tourist is selected and monitored for 10 minutes.

The presence of the management authorities of the National Park in the areas of public use allows the immediate detection of bad diving practices carried out both by tourists and their guides. This allows us to come into direct contact with them to explain the observed situation and thus be able to correct their performance.

Also, it is favorable that managers can monitor and supervise in real time the conditions of the reef and its elements.

It is important to mention that even though the managers of the protected area make every year a greater effort in underwater monitoring and the training courses on good diving practices have been maintained, the percentage of contacts by tourist divers on the environment has not reduced considerably. But a decrease in contact/impact on the reef structures has been detected.

It is extremely important to continue the underwater monitoring efforts in conjunction with the training of the guides to strengthen the management actions of the Cabo Pulmo National Park and the protection of the coral reef.

Working closely with the community

Working closely with the community respects the diversity of traditions, acknowledging elements of a backward nature.

 

The community work must begin with the interests and needs of the community itself; the work should act as the protagonist in the solution to problems.

 

The purpose of the governance processes that the Institute applies is to facilitate communication processes between the organization and the communities, using methodology based on inclusive management workshops.

 

  1. In the Brazil region, it is known that nature conservation is 90% related to local communities. Bearing this in mind, the Institute is building relationships and creating a long-term work plan.
  2. The bonds of trust that are established with the communities are crucial to being able to work closely with them.
  3. Government governance processes
  4. Governance processes in indigenous and community-based conservation areas.
  1. Several organizations have participated in initiatives in an effort to ensure conservation in and development of communities. However they have not been able to do so because they have not been able to understand and respect the communities.
  2. Various organizations still do not understand that 90% of conservation projects involve communities and indigenous peoples
  3. It is important to work hand in hand with government governance processes; effective management of the territory will be achieved by involving stakeholders.
Developed a complete Legal supervision,monitoring and patrol system

The Regulations on the Protection of Water Resources of Guizhou Province came into effect on January 1, 2017. It was the first, in China, to propose a full implementation of the “River Chief System” in local regulations, stipulating that the water resources (including lakes and reservoirs) management and conservation in the province shall be fully implemented the “River Chief System” at all levels government.

In addition, the administration has carried out a wide range of monitoring and analysis of water in the Huangguoshu Scenic Area Master Plan (2018-2035). For example, established a water quality monitoring and assessment system for cross-section boundaries, and provide ecological compensation if the water quality outside the boundary meets the assessment requirements. In addition, a strict patrol system was implemented. The local government requires district-level River Chiefs to patrol the river at least once a quarter, town-level River Chiefs to patrol the river at least once a month, and village-level River Chiefs to patrol at least once a week. The administrative departments of each district have to organize patrols at least twice a quarter.

  1. Govern water resources in accordance with the law.The decentralization of management functions and departments in the national water resources management and protection mechanism has led to multiple political inconsistencies and low efficiency. We rely on the law to support the River Chief's personal authority to effectively regulate the above-mentioned drawbacks.
  2. Established a reasonable and effective monitoring system.
  3. Recorded the operation of the monitoring equipment.
  4. Implemented the maintenance system of monitoring equipment.
  1. Adjust the relationship between "Govern by human" and "Govern by law": The "River Chief System" is a typical model of human governance. The effectiveness of water governance is closely related to individual authority, expertise, and experience. Therefore, it’s necessary to construct a legal system, and to coordinate the relationship between individual and law, to ensure the stability and continuity of the water governance, and to avoid the unfavorable situation of " Individuals leave, policies disappear".
  2.  Supervise with neighboring government departments: The agency should regularly carry out joint law enforcement with neighboring government departments.
  3.  Strengthen the supervision and voice of community residents: In addition to satisfying the public’s right to know, the agency needs to ensure the residents have a voice in the assessment and evaluation of the governance effectiveness as well as substantive supervision.
Authoritative Geodata and Map Services

The foundation of any SeaSketch project is geospatial information (maps) displayed as map services. There are no minimum data requirements. You can begin working with whatever you've got. Maps may be published as Esri REST Services (e.g., with ArcGIS Server or ArcGIS online) and open source mapping services (e.g., WMS, WMTS) and then imported into SeaSketch. Example maps include administrative boundaries (e.g., EEZ, territorial sea, existing MPAs), seafloor habitats, bathymetry, human uses, etc.

 

The maps you choose to include as Data Layers in SeaSketch depend on the goals of your process. If you are planning for marine protected areas, shipping lanes and aquaculture sites, you may want navigational charts, habitat maps, the distribution of fishing activities and other layers that may be used to guide users in the design of their plans. Protected areas are only meaningful if they effectively protect certain habitats, shipping lanes minimize collision and maximize efficiency, aquaculture sites are located in certain depth zones, etc. On a case-by-case basis, you will need to evaluate what data need to be viewed as maps, and what subset of these data need to be analysed.

 

In some cases, relevant map data may already be published as map services and discoverable in coastal atlases and other map portals. As long as they are in the correct formats (Esri map services, WMS, WMTS, etc), they may be imported directly into SeaSketch and displayed as map layers. 
 

In many cases, it will be advantageous to publish your own map services for display in SeaSketch. This will give you control over the cartography and performance of the maps.

Successful projects usually have a single GIS technician who is responsible for locating existing map services, acquiring data from providers (government agencies, NGOs, academics) and generating new map services using standard desktop and web-mapping tools. 

Partnership strengthens stakeholder linkages for Sustainable Growth

Partnerships with KMFRI and other relevant county departments have enabled the proposal development by the association to be review regularly and more effectively in order to submit a clear and non-ambiguous proposal to the World Bank and other funders. Handholding by partner agencies such as KMFRI, WWF, National Bank, Base Titanium, etc. has been essential in enhancing the knowledge on tendering, procurement of construction material, furniture and equipment.

  • Recognition that the project is addressing the need of the entire community.
  • Presence and participation of stakeholders from various sectors is providing effective technical knowledge and know how, as well as opening career opportunities for the youth.
  • Participation of community members in the activities of various stakeholders is creating job opportunities.

 

  • Appropriate timing for engagement of the local communities is crucial for success – the day, place and time of engagement must be agreeable to all otherwise the partnership will be skewed and might appear to be imposed.
  • Respecting and appreciating community culture and traditions is critical for smooth implementation of project activities e.g. ceasing to work during prayer time, or rescheduling to attend meetings (Known as Baraza) hosted by area Chief or Government representatives.
  • Culture of saving part of the income earned from daily activities is possible through discipline and good planning.
  • Antagonizing the community against fellow partner agencies should be avoided at all time.
  • All partner agencies working with the communities must stick to their roles and responsibilities at all time.
  • Sustainability of the community project is the most crucial aspect that will ensure the project doesn’t collapse once the champions exit or move on. New members must therefore be recruited constantly and trained on the ideals of the project through an internship programme.