Public policies support

The results of our demonstrative models provide us with recommendations to improve national public policy and strengthen public agencies. The components of this program are:

1. Identification of problems and potential solutions. We conduct participatory research that engages both experts and local knowledge.

2. Evaluation of working arena. We develop a stakeholder map and an assessment to have the political context and identify key allies, including our community partners.

3. Work plan design. We design a plan (strategies and actions) aligned with national goals and international agreements, using the most best information available.

4. Work plan implementation. We implement and evaluate our activities and strategies to ensure our impact is strengthening public policy and agencies.

Currently, we have five strategies: capacity building for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture; the creation of the National Prize for Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture; the strengthening public participation in fisheries management and research; and the alignment of local actions to international agreements and instruments (Aichi Goals, SDG14, and FAO SSF Guidelines).

1. Political will.

2. Strong international networks to move the marine conservation and sustainable fisheries agenda.

The legal framework to support marine conservation and sustainable fisheries needs to be in place to move from local demonstrative models to greater impacts at the national level. This represent a niche of work in Mexico. Community partners are key for moving this agenda forward. International agreements and instruments can provide great guidance, and are key to initiate a meaningful dialogue with public governmental organizations.

Communication about ecosystem service values

Different communication tools increase the audience and options to share information and deliver transparency on issues that related to natural resources in order to make more equitable decisions and in order to get support from the different stakeholders, such as the residents, the private sector and the local governments.

  • Understand who your target group is and compile the proper information out of all your results, specific to target your person(s)
  • Communication budget
  • Creative team to make results easy accessible and attractive
  • Have specific meeting to transfer information from your research
  • It takes a long time before the message gets across
  • Ecosystem values is a complex message that needs to be translated into concise day-to-day information
Understanding what ecosystem services are

Through a workshop stakeholders start to understand how powerful valuing ecosystem services can be as a tool to address relevant policy decisions. Exercises during the workshop based on local cases generate information about local ecosystems, ecosystem services, beneficiaries, stakeholders and issues. Participants start to understand how they can use this tool to create important insights for all-inclusive decision-making. Moreover, during the research, continue to communicate with all stakeholders through newspapers and radio.

  • Make sure the workshop contains a representation of all beneficiaries
  • Budget to hold the workshop (at least two days including lunch)
  • Stakeholders need to have some degree of interest and capacity to understand the material
  • High-level policy advisors do not have enough time to take part in workshop. They need to get involved through personal meetings
  • Environmentalists are not economists and vice versa
  • Be very interactive and keep repeating the message
Scoping and setting a policy question

The scoping includes considering the context and identifying a clear policy question at the outset of the ecosystem service valuation. In addition you need to determine the appropriate level of stakeholder engagement, the suitable valuation method, the level of accuracy required, data needs, costs, scale and time constraints.

  • Knowledge and consideration of the local context
  • Good preparation is key for a successful project
Marine reserves (no-take zones)

In collaboration with fishers and key local stakeholders, we design, implement, and monitor marine reserves to foster the recovery of fisheries and marine ecosystems, both within and beyond the reserves. This building block has three branches:

1. Design. We have workshops with resource-users to present the marine reserves theory and to design the map of uses and ecosystems. We then conduct acceptance and cost analyses. We define the objectives of the reserves, select the best sites to meet these objectives, and finally define operation procedures, financial sustainability plans, and formal agreements with the cooperatives.

2. Monitoring and evaluation. We select indicators and monitoring methodologies to collect the data. Then, we train the community in the monitoring techniques so they can collect data, evaluate progress, and engage in the process.

3. Management. We support our community partners in all the paper work to make the reserve official, as well as to elaborate and refine operational plans for the success and adaptive management of the reserve. 

We have 79,500 marine hectares protected, more than 300 species monitored, and 100 Mexican fishers (including 18 women) trained in submarine and oceanographic monitoring techniques.

1. Traditional knowledge. 

2. Well-organized cooperatives that have pride for investing in marine conservation.

3. Divers that are interested in learning about monitoring techniques.

4. Governemnt officials that are keen to support restoration efforts.

The rights to fish should come with fisheries and ecosystem restoration duties. No-take areas have demonstrated to be a key instrument for the fishery and ecosystem recovery. They also can be design and implemented in poor information sites, where traditional knowledge is available. Marine reserve evaluation and monitoring is key to ensure effectiveness. Fishers have proved to be great at collecting data in poor information sites as well as identifying key sites for protection. Training and involving fishers in data collection helps not only to have a better understanding of ecosystem, but also to create pride and project ownership in the community.

Strengthen domestic and international cooperation and exchange, strength science popularization and public awareness, improve scientific research and monitoring capabilities

Wudalianchi Geological Park covers an area of 1,060 square kilometres, in the area it has a town, two farms, a township, a forest farm, three military farms, and some villages, with a total population of 56,730. The good management of the geological park depends not only on the supervision of the government, the implementation of the management committee, the cooperation of the local residents, but also relies on external support. Thus, Wudalianchi Geological Park reached out to various domestic and international research institutes, colleges and universities, and other stakeholders to carry out research projects, cooperation, and promotional activities, the goals are to 1) improve geological park’s research and implementation capacities; 2) learn and exchange management/development/research experiences; 3) leverage external capacity to achieve more for the best protection of the geological park while taking into account the sustainable development of the local communities.

All the outreach and collaboration are fully supported by the Management Committee. The park actively communicates with MAB Biosphere, other geological parks, IUCN Green List, various meetings and activities organized by biosphere network and world geo-park network, gives speeches/presentations. The park also constantly organizes and hosts international conferences, to make itself visible domestically and internationally, and to build partnerships.

 

Public facilities are also built and open to public.

Even though the park has the willingness and the actions to expand its influence and made it known in the world for its effective management, challenges are:

  • Funding for outreach and communications is limited to support all the activities the park wants to do. The park makes its best effort to prioritize the activities it plans and carries out the most important ones within its financial capacities, but has to give up some
  • The park locates in almost the north-most part of China, it needs extra time and effort to develop and build relationship with the outside than parks in more developed cities
  • The ways to reach out and make connections with external parties are meetings, talks and visits, they are good for getting to know new partners, but motivation for follow-ups are usually weak, thus the communications only stay at the surface. The park needs more in-depth relationship with external partners, to improve its academic level, as well as its capacity to better manage the area
  • Among the staff the park has, there is not enough talents experienced in media and marketing promotion
National Landscape’s approach
Australia’s National Landscapes programme was created through collaboration between Tourism Australia and Parks Australia to create a broader partnership between tourism and conservation. The programme delivers conservation, social and economic outcomes by providing a framework to develop nature based tourism experiences that is sustainable and that promotes and protects environmental and cultural values. It defines and differentiates Australia’s most iconic natural and cultural destinations, articulates values that make them unique, and improves delivery of quality of visitor experiences based on these values. To become a National Landscape, candidates complete an extensive application process assessed by an expert reference committee. Landscapes must demonstrate they possess the natural and cultural assets to be a major draw card for national and international visitors and are addressing sustainability and planning measures to ensure the protection of these natural and cultural values. Since Australia’s Red Centre National Landscape was launched in December 2006, 15 more Landscapes have been established to complete the full suite of 16
In order for this approach to succeed it is critical that the tourism and conservation sectors make long-term commitments to the partnership, put preconceptions aside and look at the process from the perspective of place. This ongoing collaboration is essential given the timeframes required to develop and deliver high quality tourism products which both protect and promote our National Landscapes to Australia and the world.
Partnerships are key to success The benefits to the Landscapes from partnerships developed at regional, state and national levels continue to grow, providing the impetus to identify new nature-based tourism business opportunities and to support the collaboration required to develop these products. These partnerships are also finding better ways to increase awareness of conservation activities and their benefits, amongst the tourism industry and wider community. Share best practice One of the great strengths of the approach is that the 16 Landscapes have fostered a culture of sharing their experience and best practice in strategic regional planning, nature-based tourism and regional development. They communicate key lessons around everything from the best composition and size for a steering committee to the most successful approaches to developing new product and leveraging investment for priority project
Political lobbying and advising
One of our objectives is to create alliances at all levels of the government (federal, state, and municipal). These partnerships allow us to ensure the conservation of forests and the effective monitoring of our environmental, economic and social actions. The active participation of the private sector and the forests inhabitants allows us to obtain the data needed to aid the government in modifying certain public policies as well as demonstrating the importance of these changes.
The government has allowed communities to use their forests independently through a decentralized land management system. However, communities still need the support of the government and the private sector to reach development. Community forests have also been successful in generating revenue and providing economic development for the communities that own them. 80% of the legal timber in Mexico now originates from communities.
Rather than regulating economic activity, the existing regulatory framework governing forest exploitation in Mexico has focused on inhibiting it. Unlike farming or stockbreeding, forest exploitation is the only type of land use that requires a permit. Greater integration between the forest and other sectors is a precondition for enhancing the recognition of the economic contributions of forests. Such integration will require major changes in policies and institutional arrangements. Mexico must combat illegality to achieve a better placement of its products, nationally and internationally. The development of our political strategy helped us obtain a strong and formal alliance with the government of the state of Jalisco and the creation of our program of Legal Timber.
Entrepreneurship trainings
The project is innovative because we developed a methodology to embrace entrepreneurial, financial and technical skills in young people based on their own reality through a “hands-on training” method in order to implement tailor-made sustainable forest management projects in their communities. We keep the community informed about their economic environment, and we work together with them in order to enhance their performance and efficiency. When a company joins the program Better Alliances, Better Forests, they don’t only invest in reforestation and maintenance events; they also invest in our program in order to help the communities adopt a business mentality, which will help them have a better future. We help them develop skills to build business plans, organize themselves into production units, and to bring their products to the market. This project has a potential to impact the future based on the fact that our intervention model has proved that forests inhabitants can develop leadership skills and business behaviors in order to create forests value chains.
Mexico is an emerging economy, with an approximate gross domestic product of US $1.3 trillion. It is among the top 15 economies of the world, with a GDP per capita of around US $11,000 per year. The domestic market requires forestry products for various sectors, construction in particular. Despite the widespread forests and jungles, it is only able to meet a quarter of the demand. The rest is imported, leading to a trade deficit of around US $5 billion, which accounts for around 50% of the total trade deficit.
Communities often fail to identify opportunities for productive collaboration with other economic actors. Opportunities are often missed, due to the communities having lack of entrepreneurial know-how. Many communities with forestry activities have a high level of technical training, and have the tools and machinery to compete with the major forestry companies, but lack management and entrepreneurship skills. They need support in developing activities that meet the needs of the marketplace. Public policy should strengthen the forestry companies’ internal governance and transparency capacities, to create a favorable business climate, project confidence and attract investment. This project has a potential to impact the future based on the fact that our intervention model has proved that forests inhabitants can develop leadership skills and business behaviors in order to create forests value chains.
Engaging youth and community leaders
To involve the forests inhabitants we work with: -Youth leaders: they participate in forest events as guides of the corporate volunteers, teaching and training in environmental issues and creating awareness. Young people help us create a strong environmental culture and promoting sustainability. -Community leaders. forest inhabitants willing to develop entrepreneurial, financial and technical skills based on their own reality in order to implement tailor-made sustainable forest management projects in their communities. This project has a people-centered approach. The process involves 3 stages: (1) work with communities to better understand their context, priorities and capabilities; (2) deliver intensive training sessions on project development and risk assessment; (3) help forest owners communicate their work and learn from other forest communities.
The social environment that has allowed us to develop this project in Mexico is built around the fact that approximately 80 percent of the forests of Mexico are under the legal jurisdiction of comunidades and ejidos , which coincides with a development, during the last 25 years, of reasonably successful, commercial community forestry enterprises based on timber and non-timber products. Mexico is unique because of the way comunidades and ejidos control forestry. Currently 12 million people inhabit the forests and jungles of Mexico.
The lack of opportunities in the rural environment means that half the population that inhabit the forests, whether of mixed-race or indigenous, live in poverty. Many people migrate to the United States and urban areas. These are the main reasons that our project has a people-centered approach and why creating a dialogue, opening channels and networking with stakeholders are really important elements to achieve success with this project. We should be clear outlining the responsibilities and the benefits that each party will receive from the beginning of the project to avoid misunderstandings and to be able to create real strong alliances between the parties involved.