Public policies support

The results of our demonstrative models provide us with recommendations to improve national public policy and strengthen public agencies. The components of this program are:

1. Identification of problems and potential solutions. We conduct participatory research that engages both experts and local knowledge.

2. Evaluation of working arena. We develop a stakeholder map and an assessment to have the political context and identify key allies, including our community partners.

3. Work plan design. We design a plan (strategies and actions) aligned with national goals and international agreements, using the most best information available.

4. Work plan implementation. We implement and evaluate our activities and strategies to ensure our impact is strengthening public policy and agencies.

Currently, we have five strategies: capacity building for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture; the creation of the National Prize for Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture; the strengthening public participation in fisheries management and research; and the alignment of local actions to international agreements and instruments (Aichi Goals, SDG14, and FAO SSF Guidelines).

1. Political will.

2. Strong international networks to move the marine conservation and sustainable fisheries agenda.

The legal framework to support marine conservation and sustainable fisheries needs to be in place to move from local demonstrative models to greater impacts at the national level. This represent a niche of work in Mexico. Community partners are key for moving this agenda forward. International agreements and instruments can provide great guidance, and are key to initiate a meaningful dialogue with public governmental organizations.

Strengthen domestic and international cooperation and exchange, strength science popularization and public awareness, improve scientific research and monitoring capabilities

Wudalianchi Geological Park covers an area of 1,060 square kilometres, in the area it has a town, two farms, a township, a forest farm, three military farms, and some villages, with a total population of 56,730. The good management of the geological park depends not only on the supervision of the government, the implementation of the management committee, the cooperation of the local residents, but also relies on external support. Thus, Wudalianchi Geological Park reached out to various domestic and international research institutes, colleges and universities, and other stakeholders to carry out research projects, cooperation, and promotional activities, the goals are to 1) improve geological park’s research and implementation capacities; 2) learn and exchange management/development/research experiences; 3) leverage external capacity to achieve more for the best protection of the geological park while taking into account the sustainable development of the local communities.

All the outreach and collaboration are fully supported by the Management Committee. The park actively communicates with MAB Biosphere, other geological parks, IUCN Green List, various meetings and activities organized by biosphere network and world geo-park network, gives speeches/presentations. The park also constantly organizes and hosts international conferences, to make itself visible domestically and internationally, and to build partnerships.

 

Public facilities are also built and open to public.

Even though the park has the willingness and the actions to expand its influence and made it known in the world for its effective management, challenges are:

  • Funding for outreach and communications is limited to support all the activities the park wants to do. The park makes its best effort to prioritize the activities it plans and carries out the most important ones within its financial capacities, but has to give up some
  • The park locates in almost the north-most part of China, it needs extra time and effort to develop and build relationship with the outside than parks in more developed cities
  • The ways to reach out and make connections with external parties are meetings, talks and visits, they are good for getting to know new partners, but motivation for follow-ups are usually weak, thus the communications only stay at the surface. The park needs more in-depth relationship with external partners, to improve its academic level, as well as its capacity to better manage the area
  • Among the staff the park has, there is not enough talents experienced in media and marketing promotion
Building effective mentor-mentee relationships

Once protected areas and Business Mentors are matched, they are brought together on a 10-day Residential Training Programme, set within an inspiring and relevant protected area setting. This aims to: build relationships between Business Mentors and protected area managers that allow for effective ongoing mentoring and collaboration; develop business and leadership skills that enable protected area managers to perform better in their roles and manage the protected area more effectively; build a clear action plan for enhancing management effectiveness; provide an opportunity for networking between African protected areas; and build a shared understanding of the importance of effective protected areas, and the possible impact of business decisions. Following the residential training, protected areas and their mentors work together in a mentor-mentee relationship for at least 12 months. Mentoring from this point is usually conducted remotely, although mentors sometimes visit their site to support the roll-out of business planning activities.

Business Mentors deliver the training, which is guided by an 11-step business planning process and a Business Planning Toolkit (developed by Shell Foundation and UNESCO). In parallel, Earthwatch learning professionals provide training and coaching in leadership and management skills to both protected area managers and Business Mentors. The Residential Training Programme builds strong relationships that continue into the remote mentoring period. Committment to the implementation of action plans through ongoing colloaboration and partnership.

Developing the less tangible ‘soft skills’ of protected area staff (e.g. leadership and communication skills) is just as crucial to success as the business planning content. The ESN Residential Training Programme includes activities and discussions that develop protected area manager confidence, capability, competence and skills that influence their ability to put the learnings into practice.

Inclusive business model linked to conservation

Applying the principles of fair trade and inclusive business, we create efficient community-based supply chains for raw materials (plastics and seaweed carrageenan) that are available in abundance. We link these raw materials to conservation actions that reduce plastic pollution and restore coastal ecosystems. Increasing incomes from these raw materials reduces dependence on fishing – enabling communities to set aside larger no-take zones to replenish fish stocks.

A long-standing personal relationship between two of the founding members of Net-Works, Dr. Nick Hill (ZSL) and Miriam Turner (former Interface AVP of Co-Innovation), provided the right foundation to forge a strong collaboration. A shared vision and the setting of clearly defined goals and milestones continues to help strengthen the team. 

It is important that all partners involved in the project have a shared vision of what they want to achieve and clear agreement on goals and milestones. Regular, ongoing communication between the partners is key.

Improved access to basic human needs
The project is improving access to safe drinking water, medical supplies, education and alternative livelihoods to demonstrate that conservation does not have to be a choice between protecting wildlife and human welfare, but instead that conservation and poverty reduction can go hand-in-hand.
Any support to local development must take into account the aspirations, values, and know-how of communities.
The long-term engagement of local communities depends not-only on their environmental consciousness, but also on the profitability of conservation activities and flanking measures. Indeed, if people benefit from natural resources, they will be more inclined to protect resources and protected areas.
Monitoring natural restoration of forests
Kahuzi-Biega National Park faces several anthropogenic threats that include encroachment for agriculture and pasture. We tested how monitoring of invaded spaces can help secure areas and allow natural restoration of habitat. Invaded areas were used for charcoal and farming. Thus, forest was cut and replaced by crops. The forest regenerated without human intervention but with regular monitoring that prevented people to disturb the forest. Monitoring was done through transects with different experts from different disciplines: mammals, amphibians and plants
Availability of financial support and staff, security and willingness of protected area managers
Monitoring can help natural restoration of invaded forest if disturbances are limited.
Structured long-term financing for marine conservation

The implementation of the Waterevolution model not only increases resources and energy efficiency within industries but also translates into significant cost savings and consequently increases competitiveness. We pioneered an operational framework to apply and improve environmental standards and transparency in supply chains that affect the oceans and facilitated investment in marine conservation. A key component of the application of this model is that marine industry cluster partners embrace stewardship of the marine environment by reinvesting a percentage of savings into meaningful marine conservation programs proven for their efficiency.Thanks to the pilot project, the following projects were financially supported: - Funded the Tethys Research Institute to update research on the Pelagos Sanctuary, largest marine protected area in the Mediterranean Sea, covering about 90.000 km2 - Funded an entire year of research and strategic planning of the IUCN WCPA-Marine Marine Mammal Task Force’s work on Important Marine Mammals Areas (IMMAs) - On-the-ground marine conservation and awareness activities and communication campaigns for ocean sustainability and conservation including various conferences held in Milan for the Universal EXPO

  • The current need to redefine marine policies dictated by international directives that endeavor to embrace sustainability
  • Lack of financial resources to plan and implement long term marine conservation - Adoption of a collaborative approach
  • Identification of the natural environment as a key stakeholder and environmental cost as company ‘externalities’

The main success factor of the model is related to its ability to demonstrate that cost efficiency, sustainable practices and environmental conservation can indeed coexist. The model proposes an innovative operational framework that addresses real ocean responsibility and not just a token payment that is more like charity and not tied to actionable improvement in sustainability. This represent a core challenge for the industry to not just “pose” as friends of the environment (greenwashing) but to significantly recondition their business to decrease their environmental footprint and decide to invest and genuinely commit to ocean sustainability. On the other side the challenge was to find a non profit organisation that was able to provide a strategic project for investment. We found that required criteria were met by the Tethys Research Institute project to update research on the Pelagos Sanctuary and by the IUCN WCPA-Marine Marine Mammal Task Force’s strategic planning work on IMMas

Collaborative data and information gathering

Collaborative data and information gathering was used to: identify and acquire secondary information; document local knowledge of resources and space-use; develop an appropriate habitat classification scheme; conduct marine habitat mapping field surveys; validate information produced; and ascertain the technological capacity and information preferences of stakeholders. Furthermore, participatory research demonstrates the relevance of information provided by stakeholders, strengthens capacity and provides ownership of the information produced.

  • The preliminary appraisal was essential to understand stakeholders’ capacity for participation and develop appropriate methods.
  • Periodic validation meetings allowed for the production of accurate information based on local knowledge. This also demonstrated to stakeholders the legitimacy of their knowledge thereby promoting ownership of the information.
  • Public access to information served to empower stakeholders, build capacity and cultivated a cross-scale alliance.

PGIS resulted in the production of comprehensive and accessible information tailored to the needs of the Grenada Bank stakeholders. Collaborative data and information gathering served to: identify existing information; build stakeholder capacity in the understanding of the marine environment and related human uses; provide credibility to local knowledge; increase confidence and ownership in the information produced; and underscore the role stakeholders can and should play in marine governance. Communication and information exchange are important aspects of this building block and should not be underestimated. Providing access to all data, maps, and information via a public access website supported transparency and inclusiveness and served to strengthen the capacity and ownership of information by stakeholders.

Environmental Assessment of Dive Centres
This is a practical and effective tool for assisting dive centres in implementing the environmental standards. The Green Environmental Assessment Rating System (GEARS) is used to assess the day-to-day practices of dive/snorkel centres against set criteria to measure their adherence to each Code of Conduct. Scores identify nature and urgency for improvements. Certification and free promotion on the Green Fins webpage act as incentives for eco-friendly dive tourism.
• Dive and/or snorkel centres willing to participate in the rating system • Qualified Green Fins Assessors (competent divers) and/or Coordinators who have access to the location and resources to support annual assessments and training for the dive/snorkel centres as required. Training and qualifications are overseen by Reef-World. These individuals cannot be involved directly with a specific dive centre, but may be freelance dive professionals, public employees, NGO staff or community members.
Certified membership of participating dive centres is granted after the first assessment, a joint decision on three realistic actions to implement, and the possibility to become one of the 10 top members are good incentives to improve environmental awareness and eco-friendly dive operations. If no improvement is recorded after two yearly assessments, free membership can be suspended or withdrawn from a dive centre – a valuable quality control tool. The annual Green Fins training and associated environmental consultation on how to implement the three feedback goals over the next year is a success factor. This assessment can balance lack of legal frameworks governing tourism industry practices and deficiencies in monitoring and enforcement capacities of local governments. The Green Fins systems encourage local dive and snorkel centres to unite and work together on local environmental issues and develop strategic outreach campaigns to address these issues.
Code of Conduct
The Green Fins Code of Conduct (CoC) outlines 15 actions or environmental activities that target environmental threats caused by the dive industry both on land and under water to help dive centres and individual divers to reduce their impact on reefs. The approach provides a practical system to encourage dive centres to implement a set of guidelines providing clear industry standards for environmentally responsible practices, and to promote marine environmental awareness.
• An active dive and/or snorkel industry with dives being conducted on coral reefs and/or associated ecosystems. • Dive and/or snorkel centres with a certain awareness on environmental issues related to the industry and a willingness to participate and address environmental threats caused by the industry.
The Code of Conduct covers 15 fairly broad environmental practices within the diving industry. However, through application the comprehensive criteria allow the Green Fins approach to include both common challenges as well as adapting to include locally specific challenges. Solutions to common challenges such as diver behaviour management can transferred between dive destinations. Through its multi-stakeholder approach, solutions to locally specific threats can be addressed by the Green Fins network on a local level. For example, a small recyclable collection company in the Maldives was recently identified by the Green Fins network and is now being promoted to dive centres nationally.