Conservation education through facility support

Alongside education, SWC has, with help from its partners, consistently supported schools and communities with essential infrastructure. Between 2012 and 2013, four primary schools were repaired and furnished. In 2024 alone, further interventions included installing four 5,000-litre water tanks and a solar-powered pump at Mafaune Primary School, directly benefiting more than 500 pupils, 14 staff members, and 1,800 community members. Borehole maintenance across several schools and villages (20 interventions in 2024) provided reliable access to clean water, improving health and school attendance. Additional support included fencing school yards, donating books and stationery, providing a laptop to Uteke Primary School, and grading roads and soccer fields to improve both access to schools, health infrastructures and recreational activities. Nutrition is also supported through donations of sustainably harvested meat and  the creation of community vegetable gardens, from which surplus produce was purchased to generate income for local households.

These interventions were made possible through SWC’s established partnerships with schools and communities, as well as funding and technical support from external partners. The willingness of local communities to collaborate on school gardens, road maintenance, and borehole repairs was critical to sustaining the improvements.

Improved school facilities have a direct effect on children’s well-being and attendance. When schools provide clean water, safe structures, and recreational opportunities, children are more likely to succeed academically. Tangible benefits such as improved health and nutrition also foster stronger community trust in conservation organisations. The facility support demonstrated that conservation efforts are most effective when communities experience direct, everyday improvements in their quality of life.

Conservation Education through active participation

From 2012 onward, SWC has invited primary and secondary students to participate in annual day trips to the conservancy. Children were able to observe critically endangered species such as the black rhino while engaging in interactive discussions such as climate change, deforestation, pollution, wildlife protection, and community stewardship. Educational posters on mammals, birds of prey, amphibians, and snakes were also distributed to schools to reinforce classroom knowledge. The programme began with four schools (Chedutu, Chinyika, Maronga and Uteke primary schools) and expanded to ten by 2024, reaching 381 children and 41 teachers in that year alone. In total, an estimated 2,000 boys and girls have participated in the programme to date.

The success of this building block was made possible by the long-term presence and credibility of SWC in the region, the openness of school principals to partner in conservation education, and the logistical ability to host groups of students within the conservancy.

Exposing children to nature at a young age fosters a lifelong appreciation for conservation and creates an entry point for future careers in environmental stewardship. Linking classroom knowledge with real-world experiences makes abstract concepts—like climate change or the biodiversity crisis—more tangible. It also nurtures a sense of pride and emotional connection to local ecosystems.

Technology and innovation to create digital platforms that are accessible and tailored to local needs

Krungthai Bank (KTB), a key partner in the "Koh Tao Better Together" crowdfunding campaign, developed an easy-to-use electronic donation platform integrated with the Thai tax system. The bank's innovation lab offered to create the e-donation platform. Through a QR code, Thai citizens were able to donate to the account "Raks Thai Foundation, UNDP and Krungthai Love Koh Tao" in a quick, transparent, and verifiable way. The platform allows Thai donors to automatically send their donation information to the Revenue Department for tax deduction. Moreover, UNDP designed another e-donation platform for international donors. 

KTB acted as the initial donor of the campaign, contributing 30% of the fundraising target. Furthermore, the bank committed to covering the remaining donations if the target was not met, which proved unnecessary thanks to the success of the e-donation platform.  

Additionally, KTB trained boat drivers on how to access the bank's existing digital financial services. These include Krungthai NEXT — an e-banking app with multiple functionalities for directly managing personal finances —, and Krungthai Connext — a free notification system via the LINE messaging app that provides real-time updates on financial transactions.  

The key enabling factor is the establishment of effective public-private partnerships to leverage the expertise of each stakeholder in addressing a common issue. By uniting BIOFIN's financial expertise, KTB's innovation, Raks Thai Foundation's experience in engaging local communities, and the government's role in overseeing financial services, it was possible to develop and disseminate an appropriate e-donation platform.  

Another relevant condition is effective communication strategies to increase public awareness of, and access to, the e-donation platform.  

It is imperative to promote multisector engagement in order to solve today's pressing issues. In a scenario that global and local challenges are multidisciplinary by nature — from financial constraints amid a global health crisis to biodiversity degradation associated with tourism —, working across silos enables to effectively and quickly address the many components of an issue, catalyze positive outcomes, and increase support to the solution.  

 Moreover, it is crucial to develop solutions that reflect recent advancements in innovation and digitalization. When well-designed, digital tools have the potential to exponentially increase the number of impacted individuals (i.e., surpassing the fundraising target) and simplify processes (i.e., connecting the e-donation platform with the tax system). Equal importance must be given to the training of locals on these digital tools, enabling just and equitable access.  

Data-driven and evidence-based design for effective crowdfunding strategies

UNDP Thailand conducted a socio-economic impact assessment of Covid-19 on Koh Tao's tourism sector. Using pre-pandemic data and information from locals, the study concluded that small tourist boat drivers are amongst the most affected and most vulnerable segment of the population due to the complete dependence on tourism. The study also found an estimated minimum living cost of USD 500 (THB 15,000) for individual households on Koh Tao and that 90% of them received almost no income since the beginning of the pandemic. The study served as the foundation for the campaign and enabled the estimation of a baseline, making sure that the solution addresses the most vulnerable groups and provides an income that can, at least, alleviate sustenance needs. The campaign was also designed with support from UNDP's Crowdfunding Academy, with expertise in this area.  

Enabling conditions include the availability of socioeconomic data prior to the event (in this case, the Covid-19 pandemic) or the ability to collect data from relevant stakeholders before designing the crowdfunding campaign. Another enabling condition is having the technical capacity or necessary support to translate existing data and studies into the design of a project/program. 

The importance of designing programs and projects based on data and well-conducted studies, ensuring that the project effectively meets the needs of participants. Beyond supporting the design of the crowdfunding campaign, the impact assessment of Covid-19 on Koh Tao revealed how, on the one hand, local livelihoods became vulnerable without tourism and, on the other hand, the pause in visitor activity allowed nature to recover. Therefore, the crowdfunding campaign — and the Covid-19 impact assessment — were the entry point for rethinking a more sustainable future for tourism on the island. These efforts led to the establishment of tourism fees as of April 2022, generating revenues to fund biodiversity conservation. 

Active presence and community connection

Maintain a constant presence in the territory to build relationships of trust, strengthen the sense of belonging, and ensure the continuity of conservation actions with local participation.

  • Genuine integration into the daily life of the community.
  • Constant listening to local needs and perceptions.
  • Horizontal relationship based on mutual respect and collaboration.
  • Being present allows for a better understanding of contexts and challenges.
  • Trust is built over time and requires consistency.
  • Disseminating results reinforces the bond and legitimacy of the work.
  • The community values those who are present and committed.
Generate clear commitments

Formalize the participation of various actors through signed commitments that define responsibilities, promote shared responsibility, and strengthen the sustainability of community actions.

  • Prior participatory processes that build trust.
  • Actors motivated to take on clear roles within the network.
  • Simple, understandable, and accessible documents.
  • Spaces for dialogue that allow for consensus-based agreements.
  • It is essential to actively follow up on signed agreements.
  • Staff are needed to accompany and supervise their implementation.
  • Defining specific roles encourages citizen participation.
  • Formalization motivates a sense of belonging and commitment.
Direct communication channels

Facilitate immediate and efficient coordination between key actors through direct and accessible communication channels, strengthening the community response to relevant events.

  • Prior knowledge among allies promotes integration.
  • Trust drives word-of-mouth communication and greater network reach.
  • Use tools that allow real-time location sharing and updates.
  • All actors have access to and are familiar with these tools.
  • Usar canales rápidos y ampliamente accesibles como WhatsApp.
  • Priorizar plataformas que no requieran conectividad compleja.
Rapid and organized action in response to reports

Enable a timely response to critical events related to sea turtles, such as strandings or nesting, through an organized and trained local network.

  • Constant territorial presence.
  • Support from committed local people.
  • Direct coordination with key actors.
  • Efficient communication channels to activate rapid responses.
  • It is essential to train local leaders capable of coordinating actions if key representatives are unavailable.
  • Simple and well-disseminated protocols increase the effectiveness of responses in urgent situations.
Strengthening local capacities

Strengthen local capacities through annual training sessions aimed at key actors, promoting knowledge, active participation, and ownership of best practices for sea turtle conservation.

  • Local presence and direct contact with actors.
  • Trust-based relationships built over time.
  • Constant and close communication with the community.
  • Adaptation of the approach to local needs and dynamics.
  • Training should be practical, accessible, and use simple language.
  • Incorporating visual and educational materials improves retention.
  • Sessions should be moderate in length to maintain attention.
  • Field experience reinforces learning and commitment.
Using funds for long-term improvement in patrolling conditions

The main objective of the crowdfunding campaign was to cover six months of salaries for the 33 furloughed frontliners. In addition, funds were allocated to provide food packs for all 59 frontliners during their 22-day shifts and essential patrolling gear and equipment were procured, generating a long-term benefit beyond the campaign period.

Enabling factors include the availability of funds beyond the initial target, which made it possible to first cover the salaries of frontliners and then procure the gear and equipment. The fact that funds were not fully earmarked also contributed to this outcome.

While crowdfunding may be best suited for specific events or short-term campaigns—having limited effectiveness as along-term fundraising strategy—it can be designed to allocate a share of funds, even if small, to outputs that will endure in the future. This boosts the overall impact of the campaign and strengthens its contribution to biodiversity protection.