Biodiversity Monitoring

The establishment of the Golden Monkey Monitoring and Research Base at Northwest University and the Zhouzhi Substation for the National Field Scientific Observation and Research of Biodiversity for Giant Pandas and Golden Snub-nosed Monkeys, in collaboration with various institutions such as the Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Northwest A&F University, Beijing Forestry University, and Northwest University, serves as an internship base for graduate and doctoral students. These partnerships facilitate joint efforts in wildlife surveys and other scientific endeavors, thereby promoting high-quality development within the region.

Research projects have been implemented to conduct extensive surveys, resulting in the creation of a comprehensive database of rare and protected species such as the Giant Panda, Golden Snub-nosed Monkey, Golden Takin, Himalayan Yew, and Kingdonia uniflora. This has led to the compilation of 13 specialized survey and monitoring reports, including the "Giant Panda and Its Habitat Monitoring Report" and the "Golden Snub-nosed Monkey Survey Report," earning two second-place awards for scientific and technological advancements from the Shaanxi Forestry Department.

Since 2012, infrared cameras have captured approximately 40,000 photographs and 5,000 video clips of rare wildlife activities, including Giant Pandas and Golden Snub-nosed Monkeys. Remarkably, the Zhouzhi Nature Reserve has recorded three leopards foraging together on three occasions, as well as footage of two wild Giant Pandas playing, and the first recorded appearance of a brown Giant Panda. Additionally, images of the Asiatic Golden Cat have been documented in various areas within the jurisdiction. In 2019, footage of the Golden Takin garnered the "Best Video Award" on CCTV's "Eyes of the Secret Realm." In 2023 alone, the effectiveness of biodiversity conservation efforts has been reported 16 times by provincial and national-level media.

Establish Management Systems and Technical Procedures

1.Establishment of Nanshan National Park Patrol Technical Regulations: The guidelines have clarified the purposes, types, procedures, and documentation requirements for patrols. Standards for establishing patrol teams and planning patrol schedules and routes have been defined. Key plots, rare tree species, and endangered animals within the national park are under focused conservation, with any issues being reported promptly. Additionally, the regulations help in disseminating forestry policies and regulations, enhancing the community's awareness and participation in resource protection.   2. Issuance of the "Nanshan National Park Key Protected Terrestrial Wild Animals Damage Compensation Regulations": This policy specifies the circumstances, eligible compensation recipients, compensation authorities, and procedures. It provides necessary legal support and enforcement for citizens, legal persons, or other organizations that suffer losses due to the infringement of key protected terrestrial wild animals within the national park.

  1. Management Support: The administrators recognize the necessity of this work and have organized professional technical staff to develop technical procedures and management systems based on the actual situation of Nanshan National Park. These have been published after several discussions and studies within the management bureau. 2.Technical Support from the Administration: The management bureau has established a department responsible for patrol work and employs professional technical workers to guide and supervise the effective implementation of technical management systems and procedures. There are multiple conservation stations within the national park's boundaries, and several local patrol officers who are familiar with the terrain and knowledgeable about wildlife protection have been hired. 3.Adequate Funding: The management bureau and local government provide funding and subsidies for the patrol work, ensuring that the patrol teams have sufficient financial support.
Education and Advocacy

- Provide training workshops focusing on sustainable fishing methods, resource management, and the legal ramifications of illegal fishing practices. 

- Work with local authorities to educate them about the role of the associations and the necessity of enforcing regulations that protect their members and the ecosystem. 

Every descent into each village, our team was always accompanied by staff from the regional directorate of fishing and the blue economy (DRPEB). Through fieldworks, they took the opportunity to raise awareness about fishing regulations, reminders of laws and procedures as well as respect for fishing calendars for various fishery resources.

Operational Guidelines

- Create operational guidelines that detail how the association will manage fishing activities, including rules about fishery zones, seasonal closures, and sustainable practices. 

   - Establish a monitoring system to ensure compliance with these rules, reinforcing accountability among members. 

 

 

The fishermen cards, which are essential for lawful fishing, operate as a crucial incentive; those who do not secure membership within their respective associations will be ineligible to receive these cards, exposing them to potential legal repercussions.

Through these associations, local fishermen gain official membership status, which is a prerequisite for obtaining their professional fishermen cards. 

Registration and Credentialing

- Develop a procedure for registering members in the association, ensuring they meet all local requirements. 

- Guide association members through the process of obtaining their fishermen cards, emphasizing its importance as a legal requirement for their livelihood. 

-Taking fishermen identities, information and photo

Formation of Associations

- Conduct community meetings to gather fishers and discuss the benefits of forming local associations. 

- Facilitate the establishment of association statutes that outline membership requirements, roles, and responsibilities. 

 

This mechanism serves dual purposes: it not only regulates access to the fishing grounds by preventing unauthorized fishing activities from transient fishers but also fosters a sense of community ownership among the local population. 

 

As they each have their own statutes and internal regulations but also their common fund allowing their association to develop 

Conception of one action plan with the Regional Directorate of Fisheries and Blue Economy (DRPEB) of Diana

In close collaboration with the Regional Directorate of Fishing and the Blue Economy of Diana, with whom we developed an action plan for the implementation of all the activity, mutually approved and signed.

It is always necessary to establish synergy with the partners concerned in order to be able to implement the planned activities effectively and efficiently.

Capture and Release of Vultures

Collecting data will be done by catching and releasing vultures by using a capturing cage. The capturing cage is progressively being built at a site where animal carcasses are regularly placed, this site is called "Vulture Restaurant". Vultures will then be fitted with GPS trackers, tagged, and released, allowing to record their movements and possibly locate their breeding grounds. Samples (blood, swabs, faeces, ectoparasites, and feathers) will be collected to assess the health of the individuals and check their exposure to diseases, environmental lead and possible NSAID contaminants. Samples will also be preserved for future conservation genetics.

At the current and initial stages, the important factors needed for a capture and release operation to work is by making sure the vultures are comfortable enough to enter the capturing cage and making sure the capture and release operation is done quickly on a day when it is cooler, such as in the winter season. 

  1. When establishing a capturing cage for vultures, the use of camera traps is very useful. Camera traps allow to record elusive vultures and their adaptation to a newly built structure, such as a capturing cage.

     

  2. Depending how skittish the vultures are, it is important to plan how the capturing cage door will close on the day where a capture and release operation will take place. These are a couple of possible options, remotely from a distance with a remote control or manually with a rope. It is important to implement a mechanism to ensure the capturing cage door does not slam down hard and quickly inorder to avoid vulture injury. 
Agroecological Kiosks – Community Information Centres & Satellite Centres

Community/Cluster Information Centres (CICs) and Satellite Centres (SCs) in India function as Agroecological Kiosks and are established to provide access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) in rural and remote areas, particularly to bridge the digital divide. These centres aim to empower communities by providing access to information and digital services that can enhance education, healthcare, governance, and economic opportunities.

10 CICs and 20 SCs have been established under the SAFAL project which offer farmers access to knowledge, technologies, finance, and meeting spaces. The CICs are located in the office of the farmer institution where farmers can now find: 

  1. Information, applications and guidance on Government schemes and insurance, 
  2. Market information about input supply and market demand in the fish value chain,
  3. A knowledge hub containing training and knowledge products, digital services, printing or photocopying facilities, storage units and lastly a space to hold meetings, trainings. 

The SCs are extensions of CICs in remote areas and are situated within the residences of the CRPs in the villages. It likewise contains a selection of services such as the access to information, application and guidance on Government Schemes as well as access to smartphone with internet, small meeting, and training facilities, knowledge products and signboards. The primary purpose behind establishing SCs in remote areas is dissemination of information to rural residents who encounter challenges in commuting to the CICs.

To learn more about the CRP model see more in buidling block: Capacity Development & Extension Service: Community Resource Person Model

  1. Access to ICTs: CICs typically provide access to computers, the internet, and other digital technologies to residents of rural and remote areas who may not have such access otherwise.
  2. Training and Capacity Building: Through CICs many farmer institutions can offer training programs to help their members develop digital literacy skills, such as basic computer operations, internet usage, and software applications. This training empowers individuals to leverage ICTs for personal and professional development.
  3. Information Services: CICs often serve as hubs for accessing various types of information, including agricultural practices, government schemes, healthcare services, educational resources, and market prices. This information can be crucial for rural communities to make informed decisions and improve their livelihoods.
  4. E-Governance Services: Some CICs facilitate access to government services and schemes through e-governance initiatives. This includes services like online application submissions, payment of bills and taxes, and accessing government portals for information and services.
  5. Community Development: CICs play a role in fostering community development by serving as spaces for collaboration, networking, and collective learning. They can facilitate community initiatives, promote local entrepreneurship, and support social and economic development efforts.
  6. Government and NGO Initiatives: CICs may be established and supported by various stakeholders, including government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and corporate entities, as part of their corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives or development projects.
Participatory Guarantee System

The Participatory Guarantee System (PGS) in India represents a grassroots approach to natural and organic certification, emphasizing community involvement, affordability, and transparency. By enabling small and marginal farmers to certify their products naturally and organically grown, PGS plays a crucial role in promoting sustainable agriculture and empowering farming communities in supplying certified fish to the domestic markets and local consumer.

PGS is recognized by the National Centre of Organic Farming (NCOF) under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India and is designed to ensure that natural and organic products adhere to specific standards without the need for costly third-party certification. 

Guidelines for agricultural practices were already available, while under the SAFAL project a PGS Guideline for freshwater aquaculture from sustainable practices was co-created among stakeholder from government, civil society, and academia. 

Under the SAFAL project PGS is implemented with 500 women farmers in Morigaon district, Assam to promote natural farming of Indian Major Carb (IMC). 

This community-based endorsement approach offers farmers a low-cost certification system which enables them to achieve higher prices for their naturally grown fish, thus enhancing their income and improving their livelihood. 

  1. Formation of PGS Groups: Farmers form local groups, typically consisting of 5-20 members, who work together to implement and monitor organic practices. These groups conduct regular meetings, farm inspections, and peer reviews.
  2. Guideline and SOP Development: A guideline and standard operating procedure (SOP) were co-created by stakeholders and subsequently approved by the Department of Fisheries Assam, ensuring a standardized approach.
  3. Documentation: Farmers maintain records of their farming practices, inputs used, and crop yields. These records are reviewed during peer inspections to ensure compliance with organic standards.
  4. Peer Inspections: Group members conduct peer inspections of each other’s farms. These inspections are based on mutual trust and the collective knowledge of organic farming practices.
  5. Certification: Based on peer inspections and documentation, the group collectively decides on the certification status of each member’s farm. Certified farms are then allowed to use the PGS-India organic label.
  6. Marketing and Branding: PGS-certified products can be marketed using the PGS-India label, which helps consumers identify and trust organic products. This label also supports local and direct marketing channels, such as farmers’ markets and community-supported agriculture (CSA) programs.

One Health: Farmers focus on natural fish production, which improves the fish health and health of water bodies, lastly for both to hold benefits to human health, following the principles of One Health.

  • Empowerment: PGS empowers small farmers by involving them directly in the certification process and decision-making.
  • Community Building: PGS strengthens community ties and promotes cooperation among farmers, consumers, and other stakeholders.
  • Economic Viability: By reducing certification costs and facilitating direct market access, PGS improves the economic viability of organic farming for smallholders.
  • Sustainability: PGS promotes sustainable agricultural practices, environmental conservation, and biodiversity.