There needs to be widespread discussion with the community to understand the programme, so that camera-traps are not damaged or stolen. The wider engagement, by showing the images in the villages, was also very important for raising interest and awareness about conservation.

The lessons learned have been many. The owners of farms in Agua Buena de Chucunaque have been able to see that by managing or moving the animals with small paddocks and having water tubs in them, with improved pasture and keeping records of what happens on the farm, the results are very good.

Now they know that they must see the farm as a small business, only in this way they will be able to see the results of the work they carry out and that it is a dignified work, that well carried out, the family can live much better.

In addition, with the farm management plan they can also opt for loans in the banks of Panama, because now in Panama if someone wants a bank loan for these activities, they require a farm management plan and since they already have it, it is easier for them, they just have to continue advising them.

In addition, they have also learned that it is better to get advice from people who know and this is something that Yaguará Panama will continue to contribute, since the presence of Yaguará Panama in the area will be for a long term.

Working with the communities is fundamental, the constancy of our work has borne fruit. We have sought tools that can be understandable and replicable for the community and at the same time is useful for other communities.

Working together helps to get more support (such as the Pathfinder Award). Several members of the community are now multiplier agents and guide their neighbors and other communities. Others have become environmental promoters for jaguar conservation. The community now has scientific information and has learned to manage their activities on the farms.

In Panama they talk about "the tiger kills people", referring to the jaguar. It is a complicated issue in rural areas. It is mentioned in the meetings, trying to make people realize that in Panama no one has been killed by a jaguar. Now they know that we have to respect them and that it is vital for our forests. As I mentioned before, for the project to work in the medium and long term there must be trust between Yaguará and the communities.

New reality of social behavior

establishment of social parameters to be followed

mediating between the economic needs of service providers and health care

preserving jobs through new work paradigms

preservation of ecosystem health

Service providers committed to training and new ways of carrying out tourism activities.

Flexible environmental authorities to commit to make changes in the norms and regulations that allow new governance schemes.

Tourism and surveillance authorities, proposing new norms and better sustainable practices.

All stakeholders at the table, seeking shared governance for the conservation and improvement of direct and indirect employment and PA conservation.

Construction of best practices and regulations for a better use of the PA.

Conservation of the sea lion colony through collective awareness.

• The importance of allowing researchers, students and scientists to carry out their studies in the Mamoní Valley Reserve has an impact not only for them but also for the country and the world. For example, if the Smithsonian Tropical Institute discovers the reason why the fungus affects frogs in one geographic area and not in others, it could be decisive in saving a species.
• Achieving this combination of youth and mentor is a management strategy that contributes to create that critical mass to form young emerging leaders and protectors of the environment. At the beginning of the solution, a lot of manpower was required to build the structures of what would become the Mamoní Center, collaborators, volunteers and the executive team worked shoulder to shoulder.
• Creating a center or a conserved area is hard work that requires a lot of commitment and collective work, but harvesting achievements is an incomparable satisfaction.
• When thinking about acquiring land for conservation you should keep a low profile so that it is not misinterpreted as land grabbing.

- Ecosystem conservation depends on local enthusiasm and identification of the importance of biodiversity and strategic ecosystems.

- Management plans and conservation proposals must be included in land use plans.

- Protected area management should be approached from a regional perspective so that each municipality takes the model and implements it in its own municipality with a logic of connectivity and ecosystem globality.

- The participation of research institutions in the biodiversity identification process and in the formulation of protected area projects is of great importance; it avoids doubts about the importance and certainty of the proposals.

- Community participation motivated by the evidence of biodiversity and the functionality of ecosystems is of great importance to keep alive the enthusiasm for its dissemination and knowledge.

Importance of knowledge of the biodiversity of species to value local ecosystems and make it known by different means to promote the interest and ownership of institutions and the community in conservation.

Local conservation is successful when it is based on internal initiatives that integrate institutions and the community and is supported by knowledge, participation and norms that motivate or encourage the protection of ecosystems.

Land use planning and ecosystem conservation strategies should be closely related in order to define congruent conservation projects and decisions that are supported by national norms.

For yerba mate production to be successful, it must be combined with other crops that currently contribute to the livelihoods of local people in a diversified organic farm model.

The producers are in the process of forming an Association after 5 years of starting the initiative. Accompaniment and training should be planned over a period of several years to empower and organize rural and indigenous producers to govern the value chain.

Hiring 74 locals for a period of 10 months is an expensive endeavor, but gratifying to know we helped 74 families with income during the pandemic

These past months of work have represented a full-time job for several team leaders managing the grant, finances, and purchasing.

Local trainees have shared via our impact team recordings (survey) and high reward and gratification. The measurable metric of well-being shows high values for all participants and increases trust and acceptance of institutions and people behind this project in the community.

Long-lasting effects: Most trainees will return to participate in a similar project if given the opportunity. We are currently assessing the number of participants' economic well-being and engagement in STEM employment.