Articulación con las comunidades nativas y campesinas y autoridades del ámbito

Las comunidades nativas y campesinas que se localizan en el ámbito de la RNM son aliados y participan en las actividades de vigilancia al interior de la RNM, en la zona de amortiguamiento y en el paisaje asociado a la RNM que utiliza cada comunidad. La información generada permite que se planteen estrategias conjuntas de acción para la protección de los ecosistemas o su uso sostenible por las comunidades y esta información a su vez es compartida con las autoridades para convocar, de acuerdo con sus competencias, su acción frente a la amenaza.

Ha sido importante el relacionamiento positivo con las comunidades del paisaje asociado que ha permitido un cambio de posición de las comunidades y un mejor enlace con las autoridades del entorno para con los objetivos de la RNM y esto hace que el trabajo de respuesta a las amenazas sea más articulado.

El trabajo articulado ha permitido fortalecer las capacidades de los comuneros que son contratados como guardaparques y de los que forman parte de los comités de vigilancia. Las informaciones sobre las amenazas son articuladas también con las autoridades que tienen competencias fuera de la RNM, para coordinar acciones hacia la conservación y aprovechamiento sostenible de los ecosistemas y recursos.

Sectorización para la vigilancia y control

En base a sesiones de trabajo con el personal guardaparque, conocedores del territorio, la Reserva Nacional Matsés ha dividido su área en sectores según su vulnerabilidad a las amenazas, para implementar las acciones de vigilancia que permiten el seguimiento de amenazas actuales o potenciales. Esto ha permitido redireccionar los esfuerzos para no vigilar exclusivamente el interior de la RNM sino la zona de amortiguamiento y paisaje asociado donde se originan las amenazas.

Considerando que las amenazas no son uniformes en el espacio se propuso la sectorización en función a criterios de: a) amenazas, b) accesibilidad al área protegida, c) centros poblados, d) recursos de interés y e) zonificación. Estos criterios permiten diferenciar los sectores según la vulnerabilidad del ANP.

En el caso de la Reserva Nacional Matsés, se han identificado ocho sectores, tres de ellos tienen un nivel de vulnerabilidad bajo, ya que no se han reportado amenazas, son de difícil acceso, no existen centros poblados y la zonificación del área protegida restringe ciertos usos a pesar de la existencia de recursos de interés. Otros tres sectores, tienen un nivel de vulnerabilidad alto, se han reportado amenazas y existen centros poblados colindantes, cuentan con fácil y múltiples accesos, cuentan con recursos de interés que vienen siendo aprovechados, y la zonificación permite el uso de recursos bajo ciertos lineamientos. Finalmente, los últimos dos sectores, tienen un nivel de vulnerabilidad medio, principalmente porque si bien cuentan con amenazas y centros poblados cercanos al área protegida, además del aprovechamiento de recursos, la accesibilidad es limitada.

Kelp Forest Foundation - filling the gap in the science around cultivated kelp forest

Giant kelp is drastically understudied given the benefits it can deliver. The promise of cultivated kelp and its ecosystem services need to be quantified and unlocked to speed up the expansion of kelp cultivation at scale. This will help mitigate climate change and create sustainable products which will displace the current more environmentally damaging products.

 

The Kelp Forest Foundation was set up to help address the gap in science and knowledge around giant kelp forests’ ecosystem services – and to ensure this new knowledge is publicly available to companies, governments, regulators, not-for-profits, academics, and other stakeholders in order to accelerate the awareness and application of cultivated kelp forests as a powerful nature-based solution.

The initial research will be undertaken in and around the Kelp Blue' s cultivated offshore kelp forests in Namibia but later on it will continue in other global locations.

The foundation will be adding to the research done by other organizations such as Oceans 2050 and Bigelow Laboratory. KFF will sponsor MSc's and PhD's from Namiban universities such as UNAM and NUST and is working with international universities such as University of Cambridge, University of Portsmouth, Utrecht university to create carbon pathway models and co-supervise students.

It is important to prioritize the most important questions first and focus resources towards answering them. 

Accessing ocean-based technology to collect the relevant data which is both user-friendly and affordable can be challenging.

Hortimare - an essential partner for Kelp Blue.

Hortimare, a Dutch-based company, is one of the few companies in the world specialising in the genetics, breeding and propagating of seaweed. Hortimare works with Kelp Blue to create starting material, increase yield and research on best growing techiniques of the Macrocystis pyrifera specie.

Holtimare has a state-of- the art lab in The Netherlands as well as a highly trained experienced team which specializes in seaweed breeding and propagating. Hortimare is an external technical consultant that is helping Kelp Blue set up and develop a hatchery in Namibia and to train a local workforce to run it. They also work together with Kelp Blue in sourcing, collecting and cultivation methods. They are also co-creating a giant kelp seedbank for future use.

The breeding of kelp seedlings is an essential first step in the cultivation of seaweed. There is no public Macrocystis seed bank so Kelp Blue has had to work with partners around the world to sustainably collect spores from wild kelp beds and transport them back to The Netherlands where Hortimare then optimizes Kelp Blue's hatchery system and seeding technique to get to predictable and consistent yield. They share all the information that is needed to make the farm successful. This as a win-win for both parties. Hortimare gets more and more reliable data and knowledge to be able to develop a certain standard and Kelp Blue can translate their findings to predictability of operation.

Sustainably sourcing material, a breeding programme and a property set up hatchery are the cornerstone of any seweed farmer's project.

Showcasing key results through a simplified and interactive storytelling tool

This Building Block aimed to develop a multilingual storytelling tool to showcase both existing conditions and scenarios for the pilot in the Western Mediterranean. The objective was to present the data and information in a simplified and interactive way, and as such to turn complex concepts into notions easily understood by all stakeholders.

  • Professionals with previous experience in developing an online storytelling tool with spatial data visualization

  • Technical reports with the necessary data and information published in advance

  • Teamwork: Those involved in the development of the reports need to work in close collaboration with those responsible for developing the tool to ensure that the key results are properly selected and displayed

  • Structure: Organize the story through different themes, titles, taglines and sections

  • Be concise: Limit the size of the texts to the key messages. If the user is interested in learning more, reports with the full information should be available

  • Technical terms: Whenever possible, avoid using difficult and/or technical language (including acronyms) that might be incomprehensible for a wider audience. If it cannot be avoided, better to add the meaning

  • Responsive web tool: Depending on the type and format of the content, it might be difficult to ensure that the tool is sufficiently responsive across different internet browsers, resolutions and electronic devices

  • Beta version: It is recommended to develop a beta version (pre-release) and then ask some users to play with it before the launch

Showcasing key results through a simplified and interactive storytelling tool

This Building Block aimed to develop a multilingual storytelling tool to showcase both existing conditions and scenarios for the pilot in the Gulf of Guayaquil. The objective was to present the data and information in a simplified and interactive way, and as such to turn complex concepts into notions easily understood by all stakeholders.

  • Professionals with previous experience in developing an online storytelling tool with spatial data visualization
  • Technical reports with the necessary data and information published in advance
  • Spatial data organized in a geodatabase with metadata
  • Teamwork: Those involved in the development of the reports need to work in close collaboration with those responsible for developing the tool to ensure that the key results are properly selected and displayed
  • Structure: Organize the story through different themes, titles, taglines and sections
  • Be concise: Limit the size of the texts to the key messages. If the user is interested in learning more, reports with the full information should be available
  • Technical terms: Whenever possible, avoid using difficult and/or technical language (including acronyms) that might be incomprehensible for a wider audience. If it cannot be avoided, better to add the meaning
  • Responsive web tool: Depending on the type and format of the content, it might be difficult to ensure that the tool is sufficiently responsive across different internet browsers, resolutions and electronic devices
  • Beta version: It is recommended to develop a beta version (pre-release) and then ask some users to play with it before the launch
B2: Communication and capacity building strategy for climate action

The first step towards the development of a target group specific communication and capacity building strategy was a KAP analysis (knowledge, attitude, practices), which established a baseline, in terms of understanding the private sector´s knowledge about climate change, as well as its attitude towards the topic and the practices already in place. The analysis also included a capacity needs assessment, which served as input for ADAPTUR´s capacity building and training program. The findings were also used to train counterparts, consultants, and project members in better understanding the private sector and to improve their communication skills by using the right words, concepts and messages.

 

The training program comprised several topics about climate change vulnerability, climate-proof investment, cost-benefit analysis, national/subnational policies related to climate change, EbA solutions, public-private cooperation, financial mechanism, etc.

 

At the same time, a press campaign was launched in cooperation with local media and journalists. The ADAPTUR website was introduced with regular newsletters, best-practices, case studies and messages from industry leaders. It also contained a resources section with studies, tools and information material.

  • A good understanding of the industry context and the private sector´s challenges, priorities, needs and restrictions.
  • Create attention by linking climate change with business interests.
  • Recognition of private sector work culture and values (fast decision making, time is money, etc.). Offer cooperation and training formats that are suitable for the private sector.
  • Cooperation with industry leaders, known journalists and lead consultants as change agents to position the relevance of adaptation for the sector.
  • Plan some time for understanding your target group and awareness raising before you initiate the first direct contact. Preparing the ground and being well prepared may save you time later.
  • Work together with a professional agency to develop and implement your communication strategy.
  • Identify possible change agents in the private sector that could motivate other businessmen/women to engage in the project.
  • Encourage peer-to-peer dialogue and exchange between private sector actors to build a relationship, increase trust and learn from each other.
  • Offer planning and training formats that are suitable for the private sector context and consider local needs and realities (e.g. business executives normally do not have time to participate in day-long participatory workshops).
  • Recognize realities, limitations, concerns and existing risks for business leaders, entrepreneurs, and investors especially during pandemics like COVID-19 or other crises.
NaturaLista: citizen observations of biodiversity

Citizen science has influenced resource management, contributing to the improvement of public policies and strengthening the capacity of communities to address environmental problems. Also, citizen science efforts have contributed to conservation, the recording of biodiversity, and help empower communities by breaking down barriers that separate science and society.

Citizen science is being driven by technology and digital platforms, helping to collect and organize information and make it available to all. The NaturaLista initiative, for example, is a digital space for recording and organizing observations of nature through photographs, meeting other enthusiasts, and learning about the nature of Mexico and the world. Through this platform, awareness of biodiversity has been created in the communities and the exploration of local environments is promoted. Thus, fishermen and fisherwomen can contribute by recording species and being part of the change, keeping in touch with researchers and collaborating in different projects.

  1. Training the community in taking photographs, and in the use, management and scope of the digital platform.
  2. A greater impact is generated in the communities when the scientific information contained in the platforms is suitable for all audiences.
  3. It is key to integrate leaders and innovators of the coastal communities as users, so that they become examples to follow and more people join this initiative.
  1. The use of new platforms and digital tools can sometimes be a barrier for some members of coastal communities, so training and constant monitoring is required.
  2. Some communities have limited internet service. This can lead to disinterest in continuing to contribute to the platform, as a connection is needed for photographs to be uploaded to the platform.
  3. One way to motivate communities to use Naturalista is to provide feedback and follow up on the records they document through their photographs, sharing their use and the comments made by others. In some cases, the photographs have even identified new species and range extensions for Mexico and worldwide.
  4. Having photographic equipment suitable for use in the high seas is very important, since going out to sea every day can document incredible things.
Community-based climate change monitoring

Fishing communities are witnessing the effects of global changes every day. Aware that this impacts fishery resources and degrades marine ecosystems, fishing communities in Mexico have become interested in better understanding the effects of climate change and other local changes, giving them the opportunity to make better mitigation, prevention and adaptation decisions.

Through citizen science and collaboration with academics, a community monitoring program with oceanographic sensors has been implemented in 19 fishing communities in Mexico since 2011. Both women and men have been trained, involved and responsible for data collection and analysis. It has been proven that the training of mixed teams allows the integration of women in areas traditionally perceived as masculine (such as underwater activities), contributing to gender equality.

Today, fisherwomen and fishermen know how oceanographic sensors work, download the information collected, interpret the results and use them to make decisions related to the use of fishery resources, with a sustainable approach and seeking solutions to adapt to climate change.

  1. Multi-sectoral participation in climate change monitoring.
  2. Strengthening local capacities for community-based climate change monitoring.
  3. The exchange and analysis of information at the local and regional level.
  4. The relevance of oceanographic data and its interpretation for local decision making is evident to the community.
  5. The integration of mixed teams, since it favors performance and has a positive impact on the community.
  1. Training and community participation in climate change monitoring provides information to improve decision-making, mitigate the effects on fisheries, and adapt. Monitoring also provides tools to participate in discussion forums with the government, academia, civil society organizations, and the fishing sector itself.
  2. Just as participation is key, so is the systematization and rigor of data collection in conjunction with the fishing communities.
  3. Multisectoral participation allows better decisions to be made in terms of fishing and conservation, integrating traditional and scientific knowledge.
  4. The information obtained from oceanographic monitoring has empowered communities and given them a better understanding of the impacts of climate change. They have become an example of multi-sectoral partnerships, have participated in national and international conferences, and have inspired other communities and the government sector to replicate this effort.
Alliances

Various alliances had to be build to ensure the success of the programme. Collaboration was necessarry between the following stakeholders: 

  • Local and provincial government and administrative authorities
  • Social groups like youth clubs, women groups, agriculture committees
  • Forest and land protection committes 
  • Local, regional and national private sector businesses 
  • Various experts, researchers and scholars in this sector

Since this solution involves multi-level activities from planning, implementation, conservation, monitoring, marketing and promoting, it becomes essential to bring all the stakeholders together and interlink them through common goals and their ascribed responsibilities by the state and the society. 

- Stakeholders don't always have the same interests and goals

- Conflict between the stakeholders in the alliances are common because of their interests 

- The thoroughness of legal aspects while dealing with the local bureaucracy is needed

- The awareness of greater good has to be evoked to all the stake holders, time and again