Designing and Deploying Workflows

ArcGIS Online provides a secure and flexible framework for both deploying useful applications and integrating other conservation technology to holistically support workflows related to each initiative that is being implemented by a protected area. The foundation of all workflows includes tools for data collection such as mobile survey forms (Survey123), data visualisation (dashboards or web applications), analyses, and reporting. Additionally, the ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World gives you access to the foremost collection of geographic information from around the world to support your workflows, this includes the latest satellite imagery and products such as forest loss.

 

There are several pre-configured workflows for initiatives that can be unpacked and implemented immediately. These initiatives include:

  • Track Illegal Activity.
  • Monitor Wildlife.
  • Mitigate Wildlife Conflict.
  • Maintain Park Infrastructure.

The workflows are configurable and allows users to customise them based on their needs. Alternatively, organisations have access to all the necessary building blocks to develop entirely new workflows for their own initiatives e.g., a community outreach or public participation initiatives.

  • Listen to and work with the frontline practitioners to understand the problem and define the requirements before designing and deploying the workflow.
  • There are several configurable applications available on ArcGIS Online, understanding how they work and how they can link with each other is crucial in developing effective workflows.
  • Follow the design, deploy, operate, and review strategy to develop a workflow and maximise its impact.
  • Prototype and test before rolling out.
  • Establish essential procedures and guidelines.
  • Follow the best practices and trends.
  • Experience in ArcGIS is hugely beneficial, alternatively use implementation partners to make the process easier and effective.
  • Take advantage of the ArcGIS Community and online training resources.
Publication of ouputs

In order to commit Research-Practice Teams in the Heritage Place Lab on a voluntary basis, it was necessary to establish the production of tangible outputs that would be useful for individuals, institutions and heritage places. The Heritage Place Lab proposed to develop and publish the research agendas resulting from the process, the publication of a special issue on the Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development (Emerald) which is an important step for academics, and the production of Nature-Culture solutions to be published on PANORAMA. 

- WHLP runs the PANORAMA Nature-Culture Community;

- ICCROM, main implementing partner is itself a research institution and has in-house publishing;

- Partnership established with the Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development (Emerald) for the development of the special issue.

The process of publishing outputs adds to the process of the online incubator workshops, so it is important to calculate the timing for both processes, as well as counting with resources for editorial work and follow-up. This needs to be established before starting the implementation.

Collaboratively assessing management effectiveness of World Heritage properties

The Heritage Place Lab tested concepts and tools being developed under or in collaboration with the WHL including the Knowledge Framework for Managing World Heritage, Enhancing Our Heritage Toolkit 2.0 (EOH 2.0), as well as the case studies’ database of PANORAMA Nature-Culture Community (https://panorama.solutions/en/portal/nature-culture).  For the purpose of developing World Heritage properties’ practice-led research agendas, the Heritage Place Lab proposed that each Research-Practice Team work on assignments between workshops that were later presented. The sequence of the assignments was designed to feed into the production of the research agendas for each World Hertage property, using the Tools 1, 2 and 4 of the EOH 2.0 Toolkit which aims at assessing management effectiveness. The Teams evaluated the shared understanding of values and attributes, governance arrangements and factor affecting their heritage places, which allowed to identify management issues and research priorities.

- The WHLP is currently developing a number of manuals and tools to support the management of World Heritage properties. These were possible to test during the Heritage Place Lab pilot phase.

- The involvement in the project of authors of these manuals and tools, as well as from practitioners that applied these tools on their sites facilitated the process.

- The manuals and tools have been created for the use of managers of World Heritage and other heritage places, and they were more difficult to understand by researchers. However, in the process of using the tools, it helped researchers to understand management more closely, and to identify management needs and research needs based on issues on the ground, connecting more closely with the sites.

- The collaborative work between researchers and site managers assessing management effectiveness was fundamental to strenghten the research-practice partnerships and enabled the inception of new potential projects and plans within Teams.

Research-Practice incubator online workshops

The Heritage Place Lab functioned as an incubator of practice-led research agendas for 8 World Heritage properties, promoting channels for research to impact on site management and site management to influence research through the implementation of 6 online workshops of 3 sessions of 3 hours each held during the span of 7 months. During these workshops, site management issues were explored collaboratively enabling researchers to test theories and methodologies with site managers working on the ground. Researchers got access to World Heritage properties and gain in-depth understanding of local needs. Site managers became familiar with research methods and co-produced research agendas for their World Heritage places. Over 30 guest speakers from different backgrounds, including researchers, practitioners, officers and international experts provided inputs on specific subjects developed in each workshop. Faciliators provided inputs for reflection and feedback to the Teams on the development of assignments that led to the production of research agendas.

-  Due to the COVID pandemic, the WHL switched to online activities and this allowed for the involvement of researchers, practitioners and experts from all over the world. 

- The online setting was already familiar to most of participants in the project, including the use of interactive applications which allowed for closer exchange.

- Even though participants were used to the online setting, there were constraints with the coordination of time zones (too early for some, too late for others), and therefore, such activities could be better implemented at national or regional level.

- Technical issues of internet connections and access to devices were present in every workshop, limiting the active participation of some of the people involved in the project.

- The lack of physical connection was a challenge, however, the online setting allowed for other types of exchange and connection and enlarging the network (more people could be involved, Teams could organize their work in virtual chat rooms and classrooms).

Pahrump Poolfish Translocation

Once the ponds were established, tours were given to members of the Nevada department of Wildlife and US Fish and Wildlife Service, State and Federal partner agencies responsible for permits.

 

Pahrump poolfish trapped and transpoted by truck in aerated and insulated livewells from a much larger refugium located in Spring Valley, Nevada.

Regular updates and tours for members of the federal "Pahrump Poolfish Recovery Implementation Team" resulted in project buy-in and collaboration with State and Federal partners.  

Although it took years to reach this point, those years were well spent laying a solid groundwork for success and fostering a sense of community and partnership. This inovative project resulted in considerable positive feedback from local press and social media.

Coordination Platform for Sustainable Pasture Management

A Pasture Coordination Platform was organized in Armenia as a horizontal management network among relevant stakeholders on national and sub-national level. Each party is represented by a spokesperson, who coordinates the functions of the party within the Platform and ensures information flow. A secretariat ensures the operation of the Platform. The rationale for creation of the Platform was the need to promote effective cooperation, exchange of information, as well as coordination of activities among the projects implemented in Armenia, focusing on sustainable management of natural fodder areas.

 

Since 2018 the Platform has evolved and now more than 10 organizations, institutions, projects and public administration bodies are involved in the Platform’s activities, aiming to ensure viability of programs and investments in the area of animal farming, increase economic opportunities of communities and support income growth of rural residents in Armenia. Key objectives of the Coordination Platform are:

 

  • Coordination, exchange of information exchange and experience, identification of potential cooperation areas
  • Implementation of joint projects, activities
  • Advocating and supporting development of relevant state policy and legislation promoting sustainable use and management of natural fodder areas

 

  • The platform has a clear aim: "to improve the situation/ livelihood of the rural population which depends on natural fodder areas while sustainably using and conserving these natural ecosystems”.  

  • The need for coordination, cooperation and exchange was felt by parties both from government as well as non-government organizations. 

  • A memorandum was officially signed to establish the platform. 

  • All members have clearly distinguished functions. 

  • Active participation of the community stakeholders in decision making and coordination of the local projects was crucial. Placing the local working groups in charge of the local implementation not only generated a high level of ownership of the project and ensured the engagement of the community.  

  • The coordination with other development organizations on the local scale was a key factor. The harmonization of these different local interventions resulted in a comprehensive, positive change for the communities. Each intervention was complimented by the others and would not have achieved the same results as an isolated activity. 

  • Based on the memorandum of understanding, the common interest and need of all stakeholders in the platform to cooperate increased their commitment and ensured the continuity of the process. 

  • Multi stakeholder advisory bodies face high risks from unforeseen changes in governmental institutions or even within their own parties. The meticulous documentation of agreements and activities has proven to be an important measure for dealing with this risk.  

GIS and Remote Sensing for mapping pasture areas

Maintaining pastures as a natural resource is easily to been done by the application of GIS and remote sensing tools to develop accurate classification maps, e.g. pastures, hay meadows, grassland. The combination of digital data and spatial technology enables detailed and useful monitoring of aboveground green vegetation biomass and grassland composition. Besides, resources and attributes can be monitored for knowledge management and long-term decision planning.  

  • Mapping of pasture/ grassland ecosystem services and understanding of its contribution to human well-being  

  • Facilitate regular monitoring at the management level 

  • Short-term study of the positive and negative effects on pasture or grassland areas 

  • Existence of relevant legal bases and close involvement of relevant bodies in the planning process 

  • All factors that may affect pastures should be identified as spatial data 

  • Mapping and monitoring changes in grassland vegetation cover is essential to understand grasslands dynamics 

  • Reliable monitoring of changes in vegetation cover in grasslands is crucial for accurate and sustainable land management 

  • Gathering more field/ ground truthing data was one of the important notes 

  • It is vital to test and demonstrate different geospatial analyses to showcase what measures have the most impact on which erosion/degredadion situations and foster understanding for the solutions. 

Educating the public

The park has established a complete geological site monitoring system, updating interpretation board more than 1200 panels, using easy-to-understand language and illustrated way to explain the typical geological site.We also take annual Earth Day, Environment Day and China Geopark Science Popularization Week as opportunities to hold  theme science popularization education activities in the park, such as issuing leaflets, accepting public consultation, giving lectures on geological environmental for primary and secondary school students, and organizing science popularization tours. The idea is to increase awareness among people, which is very important for the public to understand geological sites.

As the public does not have a deep understanding of the high quality geological relic resources in this region, the park needs to strengthen the popularization of science and has the obligation to popularize to the public what geological relic is, what kind of tourism value and scientific value it has, so that the public can better understand our Mother Earth, love and protect the Earth.

To educate the public, we should educate our staff first. For staff, training has boraden their range of knowledge and also increased their passion for work. By doing so, the dedicated staff will provide vivid explanation during the guide tour. The tourists will not only learn the natural landscape but also enjoy the interactive and enthusiastic tours. 

 

Training staff in monitoring skills

The geological monitoring system provides a training platform to advance the technical ability of the staff.Through the operation of the monitoring system and the combination of on-site monitoring points, the staff has learned the monitoring technology of geological relics and its standard system, and has further deepened the understanding and recognition of the development law, geological background and evolution process of geological relics.

In the past, the only monitoring work the monitoring staff could do was systematic operation because of lack of professional knowledge. We not only upgraded the monitoring systems but also provided training workshops to our staff, covering topic range from law to scientific management. The workshops have enhanced their monitoring skills. With solid knowledge, the staff have also provided high quality guide to the visitors.

The original system installed did not consider the possibility of upgrading the facilities. We found malfunctions after we tried to incorporate high-tech such as cloud platform.After increasing investment to upgrade the system, stable and reliable video monitoring and early warning system could be implemented for each point  of geological remains. Through safe, scientific and effective management, by implementing all-weather, omni-directional 24 hours for live monitoring and early warning and personnel record, we have achieved the goal of strengthening on-site supervision and safety management; have improved the quality of service, have made our management work more standardized, scientific, accurate, intelligent, and informative, which provides a strong guarantee for the safety of tourists.  

Community prosperity through developing nature-based tourism

The well-being of the communities close to the parks is essential for the success of our strategy. Complete, functioning and healthy ecosystems will not only assure important environmental services like clean water, clean air and the mitigation of floods, but they also offer new opportunities to develop sustainable economies.

These areas usually have great potential, but they also face important threats. The ecosystems are usually degraded and are not considered locally as a source of opportunity or income. Also, these places on the edges of protected areas usually have populations with high level of poverty and high rates of out-migration to big cities.

We work along with these communities to create a path to a new sustainable economy, directly linked to opportunities that come from the creation of new protected areas and to the return of wildlife. We act to empower community leaders and women, strengthen the connection of the youth to their homeland and their environment, train people in new trades and build relationships based on trust and respect.

Work together with local communities and local, provincial and national governments in the development of tourism “circuits” that offer spectacular landscape as well as wildlife-viewing experiences, at gateways, or entrances, to the protected areas or parks. 

Empower and build the capacity of local entrepreneurs with trainings and workshops, so that they can be the first to benefit from these new activities based on wildlife and nature. Finally, promote these destinations and experiences to a broad public to attract tourists.

Nature-based tourism has been growing globally at rates of more than 4% per year, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Charismatic fauna, including large predators, are becoming increasingly important. In the Brazilian Pantanal, the world’s largest wetland, wildlife viewing — mostly of jaguars — generated an annual revenue millions of dollars per year; many times the revenue obtained from traditional cattle ranching in that region.