BUILDING CAPACITY FOR RESCUE CENTRES

Save Vietnam’s Wildlife aims to ensure that our rescue centre serves as a role model for other centres within Vietnam in wildlife rescue management and welfare standards. We lead the way for other organisations across Vietnam and overseas in pangolin rehabilitation by demonstrating the highest animal care standards and providing other facilities with technical advice and training. We have used the development of SVW and our improved outreach capabilities to directly work with other rescue centres in Vietnam. SVW has provided expertise, staff training, and logistical and financial support to help improve animal welfare standards and the capacity of the keepers in several government rescue centres in Vietnam. We have also employed dedicated animal keepers and veterinary staff and improved animal husbandry practices and quarantine procedures.

  • A professional captive breeding team with high capacity
  • Write husbandry guidelines, and protocols to share with other organisations so that they could use our guidelines, and protocols to improve their quality; training is given to specific organisation’s need
  • Cooperation between rescue centres
  • It is better to have face-to-face instructions at rescue centres than online support.
  • It is needed to establish an association of wildlife rescue centres to coordinate rescue operations across the country
WILDLIFE RESCUE AND REHABILITATION

We co-established a rescue and breeding centre with Cuc Phuong National Park called the “Carnivore & Pangolin Conservation Program” inside the Cuc Phuong NP. The main purpose of the centre is to cooperate with authorities to successfully rescue wildlife confiscated from the illegal wildlife trade and release them back to the wild. The animals then go through a 30-day quarantine. If they meet health standards, they are then released into safe protected areas, while animals who did not have the ability to survive in the wild, would be kept in the education centre to inspire visitors to contribute to the species conservation.

  • A hotline is provided for people to report illegal wildlife trade incidents
  • A rapid response team, composed of veterinarians and animal keepers, is built up and trained to respond to emergency calls from the authorities or reports from local people.
  • Develop guidance for animal first responses
  • Enhance active participation and effective collaboration with rangers, and police, who have confiscated wildlife
  • Having a collection form to record information of the confiscated wildlife e.g., rescue location, species, and animal status for post-rescue monitoring and management
  • It is extremely important to guide and advise on how to apply first aid for the confiscated animals to authorities and local people before the rapid response team arrives
  • Get to the rescue location as soon as possible to give the animals better chances to survive
  • Develop a relationship with the authorities in the province or district responsible for confiscating illegal traded wildlife so that the following rescue events could be more effective
Behaviour change

Behavioural change is one of our main building blocks to benefit wildlife conservation. This project component aims to change the behaviour of wildlife consumers by identifying key behaviours and using them to reduce demand for wildlife products. Findings of background research on awareness and attitudes of government officials and citizens around Pu Mat National Park towards wild meat consumption and sales were used to develop appropriate behaviour change interventions, drawing attention to the impact of wild meat consumption on health and the negative social perceptions of consuming wild meat. Following implementation of our work, the impact of our messages on avoidance behaviour and attitudes toward wild meat consumption was measured.

  • Interview-based research on wild meat trade/restaurants in the project area and relevant literature fed to behavioural change researchers
  • Behavioural change campaign designed and implemented in the project area: a campaign launching event; a billboard and posters campaign were installed in central locations and main roads. Moreover, all of the government officials signed a pledge not to use illegal wildlife.
  •  Pre- and post-project evaluation to assess initial impacts
  • Project planning should be more carefully considered to avoid overlapping agendas with local government. The team should try to make a detailed plan for requesting approvals and implementation that avoid the government’s regular busy period.
  • The content and image used on every campaign material must be considered carefully to minimise controversy and politically sensitive issues. All content and images used for intervention had been considered and adjusted carefully before installation, which followed both recommendations from the consultant team and the government.
  • The campaign and its messages should be delivered by more diverse communication mediums to enhance the outreach and effectiveness.
  • The material of billboards should be considered carefully to ensure the resistance to extreme weather in Vietnam and unexpected accidents.
Community engagement program

Working with local communities in the buffer zones of Pu Mat National Park is one of SVW’s main focuses, in order to raise awareness, reduce their impacts on forest resources, and inspire them to protect wildlife. We utilise diverse approaches to implement different programs, from holding community engagement workshops and training, placing large billboards around the buffer zones and using self-sustained education outreach tools to encourage local people to take informed actions to protect wildlife.

  • Numerous community workshops were conducted in wildlife strongholds and poaching hotspots around Pu Mat National Park, with the attendance of local villagers
  • SVW installed large-size billboards to raise awareness at the entrances to the forest and other areas
  • A bilingual radio broadcast about wildlife for the community living in the buffer zone of the park
  • A handy awareness-raising toolkit was developed for the Anti-poaching team and Park’s rangers to bring along and use to talk with people during their patrol or meetings with the community
  • A large number of people in the remote areas of the buffer zones are illiterate, therefore all educational materials need to be simple with many images.
  • When developing activities, the participation of local communities should be taken into consideration to raise the effectiveness of the community engagement programs.
  • After a series of community engagement activities, SVW aims to develop appropriate alternative livelihoods for the local communities.
School program

Raising awareness and educating the community, especially children in the buffer zone of Pu Mat National Park is one of SVW's long-term strategies that aims at forming a future generation with positive attitudes and behaviours towards wildlife while reducing unsustainable exploitation of natural resources. Our program "Join me to protect Pu Mat forests'” is aligned with the environmental education curriculum at schools carried out by the Vietnamese Ministry of Education and Training, as well as general policies of the government in the field of nature conservation and wildlife management. More than 4,500 primary and secondary students in the buffer zone of Pu Mat National Park were engaged in this program, gaining more knowledge, and proudly contributing to the protection of Pu Mat National Park when possible. Visual posters, handbooks, and other materials were distributed to schools to continue spreading the word of conservation.

 

The program consists of 5 different activities:

  • Social research was conducted before and after the program to assess the impacts
  • A student club at each school was established
  • A broadcasting program was launched at schools, encouraging students to raise their own voices
  • Our one-day field trips took clubs’ members and students who actively participated in the program to Pu Mat National Park to experience wildlife and nature in the Park to inspire and encourage them to take action.
  • The difference in the cognitive level of school children of different ages, especially those in the remote areas should be kept in mind when developing content and materials for the activities. Multiple educational methods should be adopted to create more diverse approaches for students of different ages.
  • Severe weather conditions in the local areas can interfere with the conduct of the activities, especially those that require in-person interaction. When these unfortunate events occur, it is best to be flexible and backup plans should be carefully prepared beforehand.
  • The complicated and unpredictable outbreaks of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam were the most significant factor that impacted the program. Taking activities to online platforms can be a solution, however, accessibility of students in remote areas should also be considered. Backup plans always should be carefully prepared beforehand.
Partnerships & Collaboration

From the conception of the PREDICT project through to today’s day-to-day laboratory management, partners working effectively across sectors has been an essential building block. The PREDICT project brought conservation and health nonprofits and Malaysian federal and local government departments together to collaborate on zoonotic disease surveillance. Over the last 10 years the WHGFL has been able to expand into new surveillance, genetic, and forensic research as capacity is built through open and productive collaboration. The Sabah Wildlife Department has scaled up their involvement increasing their funding for the WHGFL each year and leading the management committee. The management committee ensures the multiple projects utilizing the small laboratory are coordinated and organized, especially as new projects come on board and the scope of work expands.

A One Health approach was employed at every step, ensuring priorities of different sectors were heard and respected. Siloed sectors were brought together to meet a shared goal of conservation through zoonotic disease screenings that promoted human and wildlife health. By highlighting the interconnection of human, animal, and environmental health, collaboration, instead of competition, was emphasized and promoted. Wildlife disease screening results provided Sabah State Health Department with actionable data to inform risk mitigation policies at the state level.

Multiple partners were involved with the renovation of an empty building to create a laboratory meeting international biosafety and biosecurity standards, and while the initial investment was from outside sources, in recent years local leadership has taken on a larger role in management. The success of the PREDICT project demonstrated the importance of the laboratory to local and global research efforts, earning a larger investment, both financial and bandwidth-wise, from local leaders. This has allowed budding partnerships to further develop and deepen over time.

Sensitization, Capacity Building and Field Survey for Data Collection and Monitoring

Lack of awareness due to poor sensitization is often the main reason for little understanding of environmental issues. Sharing proper information supported by valid scientific/practical proof will convince communities that are unfortunately less educated, economically deprived and directly forest dependent. Equip them not only with true information but also with tools such as camera trapping, and support for species identification and naming. Such an approach will develop a sense of belonging and inculcate ownership of the cause/purpose.

Realization of the need for a common cause at the local level with broader implications.

To make a connection with nature and the environment, our activities - wherever possible - are carried out in close association with nature. Seminars and other capacity building activities can be conducted in the jungle to create a real-time experience in nature and connect with its rich floral and faunal resources.

Convergence of Village Level Institutions

Each village is known to have a distinct set of rules and functions for social coexistence. The village community is composed of various groups that function independently to manage certain areas for their welfare in the community. However, for a common cause such as Biodiversity Conservation initiatives, these various institutions can be converged and function as a single entity.

  • A community willing to learn and accept ideas relevant to promote sustainability growth.
  • Building a good relationship with the community.
  • A genuine intention of the working members to contribute to a global cause.

It is possible to make things happen if there is a genuine intention.

Joining Science and Communication

Scientists are often criticised for their inability to communicate research expeditions and outcomes to public audiences, both in the nations where they operate and also internationally. Nekton was founded on the principle of bringing science and story-telling together to amplify host nation scientists as leading voices and ambassadors. During the expedition, the first descents were undertaken by Seychellois scientists. Through partnership with Seychellois media, content was produced, published and broadcast within Seychelles. In partnership with Associated Press and Sky, content from the expedition was published and broadcast in 140 countries globally including 18,000 articles (in print and digital) and over 4000 video broadcast packages. These included the first live subsea documentary series, newscasts and Presidential Address by the President of Seychelles, Danny Faure.

  • Flexibility in planning daily activities
  • Mutual understanding of science and media needs and activities
  • Narratives owned by the host nation country
  • Partnerships with host nation and international media partners.
  • Pre-familiarisation of science and communication team is imperative to ensure an easy workflow
  • Science and Communication plans need to be co-produced together to identify and then create content that reflects these ambitions.
Ownership of Samples and Data

Historically, expeditions and science research have had a reputation of taking a top-down approach including through the practice of ‘parachute science’. This includes the desire to collect numerous and diverse samples and data that is then stored outside the reach of host-nation countries. This is often especially true for research in countries that are under-resourced and can be influenced by, and / or directed by, scientists from other nations that can have more resources. As part of the co-production philosophy, we wanted to ensure that the host-nation, Seychelles, had complete authority over the data and samples collected. Together with the Government of Seychelles, we co-drafted an array of agreements that ensured that both the samples and the data was fully owned by Seychelles.

  • Mutual understanding of needs for sample storage outside of Seychelles, recognizing that Seychelles currently lacks the facilities to store biological samples.
  • Mutual understanding that all data that was worked on belongs to Seychelles and requires Seychelles permission to be made openly available and accessible.
  • Resources to ensure samples can be moved to partner institutions with the agreement of the Government of Seychelles.
  • Drafting and agreeing on text is a long process and requires months and sometimes years to finalise.
  • Partner with institutions that share the philosophy and spirit of co-production.