Presentation of final product at international exhibition
GIZ/Ethiopia
The business model is based on trading, value adding and promoting specialty wild coffee on the European market, which is handpicked from the original coffee forests. Value chain development involved the following steps:
Build up and strengthen collaboration with local farmers
Identification of suitable collection areas based on resource availability, forest coffee conservation needs & accessibility.
Training on a) harvesting (picking + separation); b) post harvest handling (separation, drying, sorting and spreading on drying beds
Training on the use of central drying station on cooperative level, site selection and training on the setting up of raised beds
Training on certification requirements (organic wild collection and fair trade certifications) and setup of an internal control system
Advise and support cooperatives and unions to fulfil certification standards
Clear demand for high quality wild coffee by consumers and business sector
Growing demand of specialty coffee approaching 10% of world consumption, gaining market share rapidly
Reliable partnership between unions and Orignal Food
Successful examples of strong and exporting coffee trade unions in Ethiopia bringing benefits to their members
Use restrictions of BR buffer zones according to UNESCO
Local smallholders engaged in PFM groups receive official user rights over the forest areas & direct access to forest products
Limited finance sources are the major problem for producing and exporting higher quantities of wild coffee. Local banks are limited in giving loans to unions and producers.
Using central drying stations allows successful separation of wild forest coffee from semi-forest and garden coffee and a considerable quality improvement
The whole value-chain is owned by producers and their umbrella structures. This is a unique example where grass roots organizations have become global business partners
More and more smallholders are involved in the trade and the export volume of certified wild coffee keeps increasing;
Cooperation between communities, private sector and development partners
Developing a wild coffee value chain
Developing a honey export value chain
Protection and sustainable management of forests
Importance of conservation
Turtle in the MPA
Des Bowden
Chromis and coral
Des Bowden
Dolphins
Des Bowden
Turtles hatching
Des Bowden
Scientists, who have been monitoring the area before it was closed, estimate a 500% increase in biomass within the area since the closure. The area, previously covered with sea urchins, is now a thriving biodiversity hotspot with the balance restored. The elders report new species in the MPA that have not been seen in living memory. The coral, previously destroyed by human feet, has recovered quickly and the lagoon area is now known as one of the best snorkelling destinations on the Kenyan coast. Local and international students come and learn in our living marine classroom. Turtles feed on the seagrass beds undisturbed, and the number of nests has increased significantly. The area has returned from being a marine desert to a marine paradise and a critical model globally that shows how a poor community can help conserve nature and benefit from it too. Bigger and better catches outside the MPA has ensured support for the permanent closure.
The MPA could not have gone a head without the belief and forsight of the fisherfolk in the area and the acceptance to beleive that positive change was possible even in difficult circumstances. Local knowledge from the elders ensured a suitable site for the closure was chosen. Scientific research also supported the choice as having the most potential for long term improvement. Regular updates on improvements within the MPA has helped sure up the belief that it is successful as a breeding area.
That nature is resilient and can recover amazingly quickly if left alone to do so. Identifying needs and fostering willingness to embrace change can improve livelihoods. The importance of undertaking an environmental impact assessment on the area, underpinned by research and local knowledge, before the project started has been a critical factor towards the success of the MPA. Constant awareness and updates of the improvement in the MPA need to be communicated back to the community. Analysing the information can be used to put into perspective in the socio-economic impact. The importance of communication of our progress back to the community has been something we have had to improve. When the community understands and sees the benefits from change they are, understandably, more willing to accept it.
The purpose of designing cage to be undertaken is to abate identified threats from predators. Young clams are highly vulnerable to crabs (e.g. Thalamita spp., Demania spp.) that use their chelae to crush the shell valves; wrasses (Halichoeres spp.) feed on the byssus and foot of unanchored clams; and pyramidellid and ranellid snails are parasitic (Alcazar 1986). Tooth marks on the outer shell surfaces are indicative of attacks by grazing reef fish (Stasek 1965). For older clams, potential predators include eagle rays, turtles and large benthivorous fish (Bustard 1972; Govan et al. 1993), but their impact is reduced as the clams grow towards escape size (Adams et al. 1988).This is an explanation of why different cage design have been selected.
Project strategy are as follows:-
1. Collection of baseline and monitoring data and knowledge
2. Number of team and specific tasks
3. Size of cage and mesh
4. Off season monitoring
5. Site selection to transfer adult clam
Lessons learned are listed as followings:-
1.Site selection: Good lesson learned is through the importance of the approval of the local community for conservation activities. They are eyes and hear for J-Biotech's team to report any unusual activities in the conservation area. Some of the villagers voluntary dive to check and collect any clams that been toppled during monsoon.
2. Situations that might happened to clam during to monsoon season: Assumption of strong current need to put under consideration. Upon the third design implementation, we found out that previous design (2nd), 2 cages were toppled and 1 cage shifted in 5 m from original area. Some modifications have been done in strenghtening the achor of the cages, and strong ropes were tight to all four edges of the clam cages.This is to prevent from the cages from lost or shifted or toppled down to deeper area.
Educating communities on the hazards of unsustainable fishing practices and climate change
Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council at work
Image used with permission from SIKAT
By working with the people’s organizations and fish wardens, the communities were sensitized on the negative effects of illegal fishing, unregulated mangrove cutting and as well as the hazards brought about by climate change. SIKAT , a non-government organization and a member of the Locally Managed Marine Area (LMMA) Network, conducts workshops and provides support to the community organizations . They develop and distribute Information, Education, Communication (IEC) materials and distribute them to the communities to transfer knowledge and promote environment protection and conservation. Surigao State College of Technology also mobilizes their students and faculties to do climate change related researches and to develop climate-resilient technologies for fishers and farmers, aside from conducting capacity building and public awareness raising activities on climate change.
Presence of SIKAT, a non government organization with significant experience in implementing Community-based Coastal Resource Management and Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management programs
Presence of a state college in Del Carmen
•It is effective to use community perceived climate change impacts in the information campaign materials , as well as documented anecdotal evidences.
Organizing and building the capacity of people’s organization
The local government unit (LGU) in Siargao Island recognized the importance of involving the communities in the implementation of adaptation strategies to ensure sustainability, and for the communities to own the responsibility in the care of their natural resources. The mayor of Del Carmen organized fish wardens from among the local fisherfolk, trained and deputized them to enforce the fisheries laws and ordinances. He also organized people’s organization at the village level and trained and deputized them to manage the marine protected areas, and to carry out alternative livelihood activities. Empowering these groups , through trainings other government agencies and from Sentro Para sa Ikauunland ng Katutubong Agham at Teknolohiya (SIKAT), a non-government organization implementing community-based coastal resource management and disaster risk reduction programs meant that they will be able to effectively carry out their tasks and responsibilities with minimal supervision from the LGU, and ensure the success in the implementation of adaptation strategies.
The mayor believes in building the capacity of the community and its members and spearheaded the creation of people’s organization in all the villages in the municipality of Del Carmen.
The willingness of the community members to volunteer and be an active member of the people’s organization
Presence of NGO partner , with decades of experience in implementing community-based coastal resource management programs, in the municipality
Availability of the municipal fisheries ordinance
Communities play crucial role in enhancing coastal resiliency and therefore organizations from various sectors should contribute to improving the capacities of people's organizations and other resource managers.
