Innovation Platform

The solution was also accompanied by an innovation platform (IP) that helped on guiding principles to adopting the solution. The platform includes clusters of wheat growing farmers, private and public seed producers, agri-input suppliers, extension services, NARS researchers, rural micro-finance institutions, agricultural banks, policymakers and other stakeholders come together to network, learn and discuss the process across the value chain from production to marketing.

 

 

  • High participation of institutions involved
  • Diversity of institutions
  • Groundbreaking approach as related to innovation
  • Private sector engagement

The Innovation Platform approach enabled to bring multiple stakeholders together. It enabled rapid technology development, promotion and diffusion and allowed the production of complementary innovation to accompany the solution in its development. 

Elite yields trails and participatory engagement from farmers

Carried out in three hub countries (Ethiopia, Sudan, Nigeria) and participatory variety selection were carried out speeding up the release of the varieties for farmers in dire need of improved wheat. During R4D and testing of the heat-tolerant varieties, ensuring their successful production in-situ. International Center Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas carried out training, demonstrations, out-scaling of integrated systems’ approach alongside a package of interventions – production capacity and seed systems, including land preparation, integrated pest management and efficient irrigation and improved crop management practices. It included participatory engagement of farmers and testing of the heat-tolerant varieties, ensuring their successful production in-situ. Elite yield trials were implemented in three countries and participatory variety selection speeded up the release of the varieties for farmers.

  • Shuttle breeding
  • Marker-assisted selection
  • Key location phenotyping
  • Fixed genotypes were phenotyped for different agronomic traits
  • Targeted crossing blocks characterized both at molecular and morphological levels were assembled
  • Elite genotypes were identified and assembled into yield trials and evaluated using participatory variety selection
  • Training was given to breeders of the three hub countries.
  • The phenotyping platforms are key regional labs which played for the development of the germplasm.
  • The participatory approach and training contributed for creating understanding, enthusiasm, and encouragement.  
  • The process enabled to speed up variety releases.  
Cactus network

Facilitates business development by sharing experiences from all over the world in all aspects of cactus use including livestock feeding, human consumption and for medicinal and cosmetic purposes.

  • Strong partnerships and collaboration around the network.
  • Knowledge sharing within and across the network
  • Facilitate the collection and utilization of germplasm.
  • Work with national partners to improve technical capability.
  • Exchanges through Dgroup as an active platform where people from different countries worldwide who are interested in cactus pear can post any question/ share any information related to cactus pear requirement.
  • Implementations of synergies for further research findings.
  • Merging individual efforts and collective efforts.

The creation of clear technical documents can foster knowledge sharing, collaboration and knowledge transfer to rural people. Not only on a collective level but also individual and national level to promote the importance of cactus pear. The regional coordinators should promote the establishment of joint projects between countries that share common problems related to cactus pear. Strong agreements and legal frameworks should be established between the implementing network institutions and other stakeholders interested in promoting, developing and implementing cactus. Through this cooperation it is important to develop appropriate cultural techniques that will result in both yield increase and environmental protection according to specific problems in a given area.

Training on good agronomic practices

ICARDA developed a suite of best-bet agronomic practices to guarantee excellent establishment (survival and vigour) and maximize productivity and carried out extensive awareness and capacity development alongside National Agricultural Research System (NARS) and national development agencies to change farmers' perceptions, attitudes and practices toward cactus pear, while training them on cactus pear as income generator.

  • High participation of motivated farmers.
  • Focus on women to alleviate hardship for gathering feed resources for their livestock.
  • As well as youth with entrepreneurship mind to initiate start-up business for marketing cactus product (value chain).
  • Good agronomic practices play a crucial role in achieving high and sustainable yields. 
  • Involve more actors like NGOs, decision-makers, private sector.

Cactus pear should not be fed alone to livestock and should not be grazed directly. Training of farmers on how to prepare a balanced diet for their animals using available by-products is needed. Furthermore, cactus as a fodder crop can address the widespread shortage of green fodder and reduces livestock watering, particularly during the summer months when high temperatures and water scarcity threaten food security in parts different countries.

 

For those farmers interested in cactus fruits, special attention is given to site selection. Additional care including drop irrigation, fertilization and thinning is needed to reach optimum productivity.

 

With additional effort, through farmers’ education and information sharing, the improvement in productivity could be substantial while alleviating pressure on already depleted natural resources and reducing the time and distance that women and girls need to travel to collect fuel (firewood).

Peer Training

We recognized the need to build leadership for effective MPA management from within, and ownership and leadership of the approaches co-developed.

 

We convened a group of 18 regional and global experts to train the most engaged MPA practitioners across 3 nations as peer trainers in evidence-based (adaptive) management. The expert team first broke down adaptive management into 3 core components: marine monitoring, data summarization and management, and strategic decision making. We then invited applications from MPA staff and engaged community members in 3 national MPA systems (Kenya, Tanzania, and Seychelles) to become peer trainers in one of the areas, as we recognized that no one staff could likely train in all three.

 

We received 60 applications and invited 30 MPA members to participate in the peer trainer training in Seychelles in August 2019.  We developed a 5-day training course. We did 2-days of joint sessions, then each group had 3-days in their individual core areas. The final day was testing in the core concepts.  Of the 30 practitioners who participated, 11 passed as peer trainers or assistant peer trainers.

 

These peer trainers are now working in their respective nations to continue improving MPA management.

Existing leaders in the approaches through past in-country training events willing to become peer trainers.

 

Willingness of experts to volunteer their time to develop and lead the training.

 

 

Building ownership and leadership is key.

 

5-days probably not enough time for a peer trainer course - ideally, there would be three 5-day courses with time to practice skills in between, but this requires more funding than was available.

PARTICIPATORY PLANNING

Establishment of a Local Ecotourism Cluster (LEC) is one of the key elements of the participatory planning element of the MEET approach.The LEC is a public-private tourism cluster and is usually initiated by the protected area and is composed of relevant multi-sector stakeholders. This group works collaboratively to develop and manage the ecotourism product according to a common vision.The LEC creates opportunities for synergy and ensures alignment of core principles amongst those involved, ultimately helping to ensure a successful product. 

The MEET Manuel breaks down this participatory planning element of the MEET Approach and explains best practices for establishing the LEC. 

 

MEET Members usually capacity building in the form of trainings and additional support from MEET Network to implement the LEC. 

  • Perspective of the private sector stakeholders has to be included from the beginning in all the steps of development
  • Make sure every voice is heard: Holistic vision beyond economic benefit

  • Coordinate and look for the support of regional/national tourism authorities

 

Training and building local capacity

Transfer of knowledge that are locally based and training to farmers to sustain the solution into the future.

The effectiveness comes from the inclusion of local knowledge, its participatory approach and the fact that it is owned by farmers themselves. In comparison to conventional breeding schemes that do not address the core development challenge and are often unsuccessful. Unlike conventional breeding programs involving nucleus schemes and or importation of exotic germplasm for crossbreeding (both requiring infinite support and inputs from the implementing organization).

CBBPs which focus on indigenous stock and consider farmers’ decisions and active participation, from inception through to implementation, are identified as programmes of choice because they fit in different production systems and agroecologies. CBBP has potential for replication because it develops confidence in local communities as it is based on existing management and breeding practices and because of failure of earlier centralized schemes people are desperate for a new approach. 

Eco-friendly technologies

There is a growing consensus about the need for and possibility of directing research and innovation efforts towards achieving conservation using eco-friendly technologies.

 

The Institute uses technology for development mainly for facilitating key processes in the communities and addressing climate change. However, there is consultation with the communities and indigenous peoples, as they are the ones who have the last word when implementing these projects. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. Alliances with companies and/or organizations that provide technology.
  2. Feedback from those who choose to implement the technology for an ongoing improvement process.

 

 

  1. With respect to the other pillars, consultation with communities is essential to obtaining and using technologies.
Production of scientific knowledge

The Mamirauá Institute provides scientific knowledge inputs to local communities and this is relayed to communities and indigenous peoples, applying Conservation Area governance processes. 

 

This knowledge arises from 4 lines of action:

  1. Environmental education
  2. Environmental protection
  3. Strengthening the community
  4. Communication within the community 

The production of knowledge seeks to create medium and long-term solutions.

 



 

  1. Respect and dialogue: The knowledge generated is given to the communities but not imposed on them. They are the ones who decide whether the proposed strategies are implemented.

 

  1. Each community and group is different and one should never assume that what works for one community will work for the neighbouring community. (These are not replicable models.)
  2. Contexts, leadership and ways of working vary. If these differences are not taken into account, conservation processes become complicated and even impossible to develop. 
Working closely with the community

Working closely with the community respects the diversity of traditions, acknowledging elements of a backward nature.

 

The community work must begin with the interests and needs of the community itself; the work should act as the protagonist in the solution to problems.

 

The purpose of the governance processes that the Institute applies is to facilitate communication processes between the organization and the communities, using methodology based on inclusive management workshops.

 

  1. In the Brazil region, it is known that nature conservation is 90% related to local communities. Bearing this in mind, the Institute is building relationships and creating a long-term work plan.
  2. The bonds of trust that are established with the communities are crucial to being able to work closely with them.
  3. Government governance processes
  4. Governance processes in indigenous and community-based conservation areas.
  1. Several organizations have participated in initiatives in an effort to ensure conservation in and development of communities. However they have not been able to do so because they have not been able to understand and respect the communities.
  2. Various organizations still do not understand that 90% of conservation projects involve communities and indigenous peoples
  3. It is important to work hand in hand with government governance processes; effective management of the territory will be achieved by involving stakeholders.