Sustainable Sea Transport inside the lagoon and between atolls of the Marshall Islands

Ri Majol, the people of the Marshall Islands were known for their superior boat building and sailing skills for centuries. They traveled frequently between their atolls (for trade and war) on big offshore canoes called Walap (some of them 100ft long). The lagoons of their low-lying coral atolls where crested by sails of smaller outrigger canoe designs for rapid inside lagoon transportation, food gathering and fishing. Together with Waan Aelõñ in Majel, we are reviving the traditional knowlege combined with modern technology. The ambitious goals of the Marshall Islands in the sea transport sector have become the main driver and motivation for us to pursue and to transition towards a low carbon fleet for the Marshall Islands for transport inside the lagoons and between atolls. Currently, a 150 ft. Training Vessel is about to be constructed and delivered to RMI by the 2nd half of 2022. After the agreement of the design, the market survey process started with the objection to identify shipyards that are interested and capable of building the new built as drafted in the tender design. The Maritime Training Approach in the Marshall Islands sets a clear focus on Low Emission Sea Transport Education and will train future sailors as part of the national fleet operators.

 

Today, the traditional outrigger canoe designs are not in use for inter-atoll voyages in RMI anymore. The traditional inter atoll voyages stopped and none of the traditional inter-atoll canoes (Walap) survived till today. Nowadays, offshore transport tasks are mainly carried out by the government owned Marshall Island Shipping Corporation (MISC) and private contractors with conventional monohull freighters with motorized engines causing emissions and impact on climate change.

The charter of SV Kwai - a sailing cargo vessel - in the time period from September to end of December 2020 showed how essential training is in the revitalization of sailing rigged ships that make the way open for a low emission transportation set up in RMI in the future. Sailing trainings took place on SV Kwai for the first time with participants already enlisted by MISC. The training was held with the intention of sailing within the lagoon of Majuro. The aim was to educate on Kwai operations under sail and to train the MISC crew hands on alongside the SV Kwai crew from Kiribati, USA and Australia. An assessment meeting took place after the training to capture the positive outcomes and summarize improvements for upcoming trainings in the future. The trainings already provided a first indication of training needs for the maritime sector in RMI.

Marketing and Collaboration with tourism private sector

The NEPL NP is located in one of the most remote parts of the country, far away from the key tourism hubs and airports. To attract visitors to this remote part of the country, clear marketing, excellent reputation and collaboration with the TOs and Travel Agents are essential.

  • Close collaboration with the private sector (TOs, Travel Agents, Hotels etc),
  • Updated, attractive and comprehensive marketing resources,
  • Media exposure,
  • Awards.
  • Close collaboration with TOs and Travel Agents is essential when located in a remote part of the country. In addition to organizing transportation arrangements to the visitors, the TOs and Travel Agents can also trigger fantastic marketing and international visibility opportunities to the destination.
  • Former clients are the excellent marketing agents, especially for the domestic tourism.
  • Awards and Positive international exposure enhance good collaboration with government counterparts.
Call for Guides and Captains

Call issued by the authorities to accredit guides and captains to work in Protected Areas.

Guides and Captains who will obtain a certification.

Obtaining fundamental knowledge of the PA, as well as legislation and tourism standards.

Tourism service providers interested in learning.

Change in the behavior of guides and captains by acquiring knowledge about the PA, its zoning, legislation, biological importance of the species and their behavior.

Appropriation of the PA as their own.

Strategic alliances with different partners

The regent in Ambiente is the Ministry of Environment and we have been working with them since 1998, but in 2017 we signed a cooperation agreement to minimize the jaguar-human conflict through a preventive management project to seek solutions. We have also achieved an alliance with USFWS to work farm management plans, anti-predation measures, monitoring with cameras and collars with the jaguar. We work with the Small Grants Program/UNDP/GEF and are working on a camera trap monitoring project in Darien and support/advice to community-based organizations, so that communities know how to solve and take to another level what is happening in their areas. Nat Geo supports us in the most extensive camera trap monitoring project in Panama in Darien, in addition to helping us in outreach and communications at the international level. With the Howard Huge Medical Institute (HHMI) we work in scientific research with camera traps, in addition to disseminating, communicating and educating through their digital platforms what we find in the Darien National Park. Other important alliances are the Ministry of Tourism, ANAGAN, ISA, University of Panama, UNEP. We work with some indigenous groups and more than 10 community-based organizations distributed throughout the country.

Each and every one of the alliances are important, since some of them work on similar but not the same topics, and all of them are intertwined so that these projects are medium and long term, and those that involve the communities can be very long term projects, and we are talking about a minimum of 6 years. And for this to happen, the alliances with people, communities, decision makers and the executing agency, donors, there must be trust and be able to work as a team and we have achieved this with everyone. Never belittle a person who wants to help.

Each and every one of the alliances are important, since some of them work on similar but not the same topics, and all of them are intertwined so that these projects are medium and long term, and those that involve the communities can be very long term projects, and we are talking about a minimum of 6 to 10 years of duration. And for this to happen, the alliances with the people, communities, decision-makers and executing agency, donors, must have trust and be able to work as a team, and we have achieved this with everyone. Never underestimate a person in the community who wants to help and always listen and then look for ways to move forward.

Establishing the international network for safeguarding stone tidal weirs

The cross-cultural and multi-disciplinary study of stone tidal weirs and efforts to raise awareness require the establishment of an international network.

The academic core consists of the three member universities, part of the UNESCO UNITWIN Network for Underwater Archaeology: the Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, the University of Guam, and the University of Warsaw. The network enhances the protection and research efforts on underwater cultural heritage by connecting universities and professional training institutions, and acting as a bridge between academia, civil society, local communities, and policy makers. 

On the other hand, local NGO or NPO organizations play a central role in safeguarding or reviving stone tidal weirs. As an intermediary the academic core builds relationship between coastal community stakeholders, including NGOs or NPOs, and international organizations, including the UN, UNESCO, ICOMOS, plus local and national governments.

The UNESCO UNITWIN Network for Underwater Archaeology offers a formal platform to connect member universities and training institutions.  The academic core mediates between the local and international worlds, focusing on recognizing the importance of stone tidal weirs as underwater cultural heritage. 

Local communities are not always aware of the global and iconic relevance of stone tidal weirs as heritage assets. Academics act as mediators and provide good advice and appropriate information on stone tidal weirs to coastal communities.  

Each coastal community having stone tidal weirs seems to face similar difficulties, as well as similar environmental and social problems.

The international network provides local communities the opportunity for examining and solving them on the global base. 

Conferences and workshops organized by universities, some of which belong to the UNESCO UNITWIN Network for Underwater Archaeology, involve not only academics but also representatives of coastal communities and stakeholders, policy makers, or governmental officials.

 

 

Ensuring equity and prosperity for coastal communities

A capitals approach can help compare options between two alternative livelihoods for coastal communities including the impact on people and nature

This is one of the four key shifts proposed for the transition to a sustainable blue economy. Applying a capitals approach to such a case will yield the evidence base needed to inspire action in others 

This application has yet to be compelte, and will advance the field of social and human capital valuation 

Higher contribution from ocean-based businesses to climate targets

By applying valuation to marine spatial planning, a capitals approach can help to value trade-offs when developing offshore energy

This is one of the four key shifts proposed for the transition to a sustainable blue economy. Applying a capitals approach to such a case will yield the evidence base needed to inspire action in others 

This work has yet to be carried out

More investment into sustainable ocean businesses

A capitals approach can supplement ESG metrics to yield robust information crucial for investor decision making, based on all the capitals, such as the traceability of seafood

This is one of the four key shifts proposed for the transition to a sustainable blue economy. Applying a capitals approach to such a case will yield the evidence base needed to inspire action in others 

There is a lot of appetite for sustainable investment into blue solutions and a capitals approach can help supplement ESG to make the right investment decisions 

Better management of ocean biodiversity and ecosystem services

A capitals approach can inform fisheries management supplementing traditional measures such as maximum sustainable yields with more complete metrics

This is one of the four key shifts proposed for the transition to a sustainable blue economy. Applying a capitals approach to such a case will yield the evidence base needed to inspire action in others 

This work has yet to be completed 

Declaration of Natural Marine Heritage Sites (World Heritage Sites UNESCO)

Both block 1 and 2 are focused on disseminating to the world and providing Virtual Reality / Recorded Reality video material evidence of the relevance of reinforcing bottom-up protection schemes that increase local governance for protection from fishing communities. Being in phase 2 of inclusion in Colombia's National Natural Parks, the nomination as a Marine Natural Heritage would ensure that the international protection framework with Mission Blue is quadrupled and conservation of these two resilient reefs Varadero and Capurgana-Cabo Tiburon located in the North and South ends that connect the biodiversity of healthy coral reefs to the natural parks in between (sanctuary of Fauna and Flora Playona with National Natural Park Corales del Rosario and San Bernardo) is achieved.

It has involved the local fishing community and dive operators (DIVE and GREEN) who monitor the reefs on a daily basis and are the in situ guardians of the reefs.

The National Navy also supports us in their protection and National Parks has participated in underwater cleanup campaigns.

The strategy of effective protection of coral reefs still works without the need to fragment coral colonies. In October 2021, a chapter of ours will be published in Springer Nature in which we demonstrate the evidence. While the intervention for restoration by fragmentation of coral colonies could generate risks to the survival, health, complexity and ecosystem integrity and biodiversity of natural reef ecosystems.