Human rights

The Network discusses the main obstacles to the fulfillment of fundamental human rights in coastal-marine communities. Issues such as land tenure, the fundamental right to water and food, and access to fisheries are fundamental to the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines for the Sustainability of Small-scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication, a tool assumed by the country for its prompt and fair implementation.

The needs of this sector are known and analyzed in terms of promoting change.

A holistic vision of environmental, social and economic issues is being advanced, where the fundamental rights of the communities, such as their cultural identity, land tenure and access to the use of marine resources, among others, are taken into account.

Active participation of youth and women

Progress is being made towards sustainable use

Shared governance and knowledge sharing between fishermen and technical sectors are elements that favor conservation and human welfare and make fishermen better prepared in their struggle for the defense of their human rights.

It is important to search for innovative forms of participation of the fishing sectors in marine conservation and the implementation of a vision of marine conservation that guarantees human rights.

There can be NO marine conservation without respect for fundamental human rights.

Using Native Trees in the restoration sites

Restoration of the forest has a higher success rate if native trees are used/planted.  Native tree species will allow the forest to recover and conserve natural habitat. This will optimize the supply of forest benefits and ecosystem services; reduce the risks of natural hazards such as landslides; and enhance options for sustainable livelihood.

The use of native trees for reforestation activities were adopted and promoted by the networks, champions. 

Our forest lands (i.e. denuded and forested) have been reforested with non-native or introduced species such as Gmelina, Mahogany and Falcata tree species. These introduced trees species  were planted because they grow faster, and could be harvested sooner than native hardwood trees. Past and present “reforestation” activities, whose intention were primarily market driven rather than conservation, have replaced the original trees and resulted to a monoculture, and decline of plant and animal diversity. Monoculture of exotic tree species is susceptible to attack of pests and diseases and may eventually wipe out the entire reforested areas.

Adopt-A-Seedling (AAS) Program

The AAS Program of the Forests for Life Movement bridges the support from the corporate and individual donors to the community partners on site. AAS is being tapped by the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs of the different companies, and supported by concerned individual donors and volunteers. These partners provide resources to implement the stages of forest restoration, from seedling production, site preparation, actual tree planting and the three-year maintenance and monitoring.

Awareness of the public and corporate sector on the need to contribute in the restoration of the Philippine forests and in the conservation of biodiversity.

Communication, Education and Public Awareness is crucial to get the engagement of the different sectors of the society to achieve the targets of the movement of restoring the Philippine forests and providing sustainable livelihood the local communities.

Participative selection of restoration areas within Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs)

It is imperative that restoration sites are selected in a participative approach. These are selected in consultation with various government agencies such as the DENR, LGUs and other agencies. Hand-in- hand with the site selection is the People's Organization selection. Also, selection of the site in identified Key Biodiversity Area supports the government priorities to ensure long term solutions in mitigating climate change.

It was critical that sites and community partners follow an eligibility criteria

Based on the experiences of Haribon, it is foremost and best to carefully select restoration sites. The sites must be eligible. Eligible sites are public lands identified by the LGUs and DENR such as forest lands, national parks and/or protected areas, watershed areas, mangrove areas, Community-based Forest Management Agreement (CBFMA) areas and penal farms. The use of correct species of native trees that dominantly and aggressively thrives in a particular restoration site is very vital in the growth and survival of seedlings

Forests for Live Movement (Network Building)

Forests For Life is an environmental conservation movement/network that envisions the restoration of Philippine rainforests using native tree species with support from various sectors. It began as a movement called ROAD to 2020, which worked with communities, local government units, indigenous peoples, academe, like-minded groups and the youth to bring back the lost forests. Through the movement, Haribon was able to empower local communities, build native tree nurseries, provide guidance in establishing conservation areas, influence policies, organize tree planting drives and encourage the public to take part in citizen science. To date, 13,416 Volunteers and 14 community partners in 30 Municipalities have been mobilized, which significantly shows raised awareness on biodiversity.

A Rain Forest Restoration Initiative (RFRI) Network was formed during the National Consultation on Rainforest Restoration in November 2005, which has initiated forest restoration efforts since 2006; Government Policy-Memorandum Circular 2004- 06; Executive Order 23 and 26; Support from Local Government Units, Peoples Organizations; Corporate and Individual donations

The clear targets of sustaining the ecological goods and services of our forests for the present and succeeding generations can only be achieved if we restore our forests using native trees. Engagement from the different sectors of the society is vital. This can be achieved if stakeholders share the same vision, and understand how biodiversity is interconnected and affects their everyday lives. It is important that the corporate sector and local government units understand their big role in providing assistance to the different stakeholders, which in return favors the sustainability not only of the local communities, but of the bigger population. Government priorities and policies that favor the improvement of livelihood and capacities of the communities will help in attaining success of restoration initiatives

Respond to imminent territorial threats

Intervene to stop imminent industrial extraction threats, including existing and proposed oil and mining concessions, and territorial rights rollbacks, via both legal and policy arenas and an international markets campaign.

 

Given immediate threats from the current round of oil and mining leases, we will continue to scale up existing work to address urgent threats while developing this longer-term strategy.

- Support local, national and international strategies to halt the expansion of extractive industries and challenge the present model of development.

- Continue to support national and international legal proceedings (UN, OAS’ Inter-American Human Rights Court) to hold governments and the oil/mining industries accountable for violating territorial rights and environmental laws.

Our work in Ecuador has been instrumental in the ability of indigenous communities throughout the Amazon region to effectively defend their rights, as evidenced by historic legal cases, and illegal acts including:

  • The 2011 ruling against Chevron Texaco that awarded $9.5 billion in reparations for the cleanup of 18 billion gallons of oil contamination in the rainforest
  • A victory in the Inter-American Court of Human Rights that ruled that the State of Ecuador was responsible for violating the rights of the indigenous Kichwa people of Sarayaku by initiating oil development in their territory without first executing free, prior, and informed consultation with the community.
  • The Condor-Mirador Mine Case that affects 25,000 acres in biodiverse tropical forest of the Condor Highland that included indigenous territory
  • Failure of Ecuador’s government to obtain free, prior and informed consultation from indigenous communities prior to the XI Oil Round auctioning off ten million acres that encompass indigenous territory in the south-central region of the Amazon
Visibility of the Amazon Sacred Headwaters

The purpose of the communications group is to make the Initiative favorably viewed in public opinion polls in Ecuador and Peru; to have opinion leaders, scientists, ministers and key political leaders in both countries publicly declare their support for the Initiative and their opposition to expanding mining and oil activities; to obtain significant stories in both countries’ mainstream media and on social media; and to achieve international visibility in social media and conservation/environmental publications and networks, and among private and public conservation foundations and funding institutions.

- Develop a communications plan to popularize the global importance of the bioregion – producing compelling, interactive maps based on scientific information, and visual content, and use storytelling and media campaigns to build public support for the Initiative.

- Organize and mobilize opinion leaders, journalists, influencer networks, celebrities, scientists, and academics in support of the Initiative.

- Expand capacity building in media skills training for indigenous leaders to support their own storytelling and advocacy.

 

It would be crucial to generate debate and amplify the importance of indigenous climate solutions; biodiversity of the region; ecological functions of the Amazon; protection of sacred areas; development models not based on extracting fossil fuels and minerals; clean energy; and mitigating climate change.

Natural Habitat Protection and Management to reduce encroachment.

LUFASI having an isolated 20ha forest lodged in the middle of a highly commercialised and densely populated Lekki peninsula of Lagos burdens its health. The forest has a partially completed boundary fence, which has reduced the authorized entry by 40% . This along with the scheduled patrols stopped loggers and poachers from game hunting in the forest for business and traditional purposes. Although there are stringent rules regarding unauthorized entry, there is still encroachment by the nearby community members which heavily disturbs the forest and the biodiversity present. The public would either enter to get firewood, manage small farms within the forest or use it as a corridor to the other side of the park. The completion of the perimeter fence will minimize the intrusion to 96% and allow the density of the flora and fauna population to increase thereby creating an ecological balance in the forest. LUFASI invokes the importance of green spaces to their tourists and visitors through the construction of sustainable bamboo and Ekki walking bridges and pathways to give the park a more natural and aesthetic appeal. We want to further improve by clearing and developing more nature trails showcasing the beauty and importance of the forests to biodiversity and us humans.

The availability of funds to carry out park management operations.

Park enforced and designated as a reputable Protected Area from esteemed organisations.

LUFASI being seen as an important stakeholder among the state and federal ministries of environment for collaboration in Nigeria.

 

Community(especially those nearby the forest) and children (including school pupils)engagement in the forest’s protection.

Display of informative placards with park rules and regulations, the importance of biodiversity conservation etc.

Prior awareness in form of trainings, workshops and conferences to instill environmentalism in the education system and policy makers in order to smoothly enforce the protection of the urban forest or to be designated as a PA.

 

 

Identifying new partners

The local government unit (LGU) identified the partners to work with based on their expertise and presence in the area. For the development of the proposal for funding for the establishment of the Siargao Climate Field School for Farmers and Fisherfolk, Surigao State College of Technology (SSCT) was identified as implementing partner. SSCT has a campus in Del Carmen and they conducted consultations with farmers and fishers as they developed the proposal. SIKAT, an NGO experienced in implementing community-based coastal resource management programs, and other NGOs provided valuable input to the proposal. 

 

As implementing partner, SSCT will incorporate Climate Field School's module in their related programs such as Bachelor of Science in Fisheries and Bachelor of Agricultural Technology. The climate field school module would include modules on understanding and using weather forecast in decision making which makes the commitment made by the Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Service Administration to provide resource persons for the module highly significant.  The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority and other academic institutions are also being tapped to conduct competency exams and to monitor results, respectively.

  • Presence of a state college in the area, and their willigness to host the Climate Field School and integrate the modules in their programs
  • Presence of NGO partner with significant experience in implementing community-based coastal resource management programs 
  • Willingness of PAG-ASA to commit resource persons to the Climate Field School
  • The conduct of consultation activities with fisherfolk and farmers helped in the crafting of a proposal which will help address their capacity building needs

The combined efforts of relevant actors within an area can result in the achievement of shared goals.

Spatial multi-criteria analysis for prioritizing landscapes for restoration

The approach focused on 3 essential ecosystem functions: water, biodiversity and soil. The following steps were used to define criteria for each group:

  1. Identification of ecosystem service relevant parameters and criteria (> 100 criteria)
  2. Pre-screening: spatialization of parameters at national, regional and local scale (41 spatially available criteria)
  3. Consultation: selection of final criteria based on 3 groups (water, biodiversity, soil) during group work, direct consultations; prioritization, indicator weighting and determination of criteria values (28 prioritzed criteria). Criteria examples: rainfall, hydrological resources, population density, land use, soil carbon and productivity 
  4. Multicriteria analysis based on quantitative and qualitative values; preparation of 14 scenario maps, combining different groups (water, biodiversity and soil) with four priority levels; identification of priority area of 11,122,540 ha
  5. Verification of results based on data from the national restoration opportunities assessment method (ROAM) study and other sources
  6. Validation of results by the national FLR committee & platform and selection of 8 priority watersheds
  • Existing policy and planning documents defining general FLR opportunities
  • Analysis of financing options and opportunities for private sector engagement in FLR (completed 05/2017)
  • FLR dialogue platform and high interest and mobilization of actors
  • Moving from a forest ecosystem focused to an ecosystem approach at landscape level integrating erosion prevention and water provision
  • Business as usual land use was not an option anymore as ecosystems were highly degraded
  • Identifying 3 distinct ecosystem function groups (water, biodiversity, soil) helped stakeholders from different sectors and institutions to understand their own role and action space in this process
  • Thorough consultation & involving 38 different organizations was key to prioritize restoration areas in a transparent and participatory manner and to create consensus on the final decision
  • It was crucial to find a political consensus on the most balanced geographical distribution of priority areas of 4 M ha
  • The process helped to install an official definition of catchment basins distinguishing 159 watersheds
  • The process was very technical, but triggered an intensive political re-flection because a holistic landscape approach was used for planning and decision-making and revealed a huge potential for FLR.
  • Decisions were also guided by the current policies in the energy and environmental sector to ensure coherence