The acquirement of castanea henryi tree seeds

The purpose of this building block is to inform interested individuals and parties the procedure of obtaining the seeds of  castanea henryi trees. 

The seeds of  castanea henryi trees can be obtained locally in countries with the castanea henryi trees or purchased from China. 

The  seeds of castanea henryi trees must be stored in a dry and cool place to ensure a long-lasting quality for reproductivity. 

Building Blocks of the Castanea Henryi Tree Planting Project

The purpose of this building block is to inform the procedure on starting and implementing  the Castanea Henryi Tree Planting Project to all interested individuals and parties.

The condtions enabling the success of this building block of the Castanea Henryi Tree Planting Project include the acquirement of the castanea henryi tree seedlings, the possession of pertinent planting technologies, the ownership of the available land and suitable climate for planting.

A potential planter must learn the castanea henryi tree planting technologies to start the real planting work in order to have a sucessful planting experience.

Develop a tool to test if young people will pay to learn conservation skills

1)      Conservation has become an increasingly popular career choice for young people all over the world. But many conservation organizations complain that young graduates don’t have the right attitude or the real-word skills. Nature Seychelles created the Conservation Boot Camp (CBC) on Cousin Island Special Reserve to test if the island could be used as a laboratory to equip young people with conservation skills, while at the same time use the fees paid as a sustainable funding mechanism for the MPA. The program was financially supported by the GEF from April 2016 to December 2019. The GEF project pays for a full time CBC Coordinator, equipment, and materials and other.  The coordinator manages the application process, and receives and integrates participants into the program.  A conservation manager leads on conservation work, while the Chief Warden manages all the logistics. The CBC is exclusive and takes a maximum of 6 persons per session and takes place the whole year. Each session lasts for 4 weeks and costs Euro 1000.00 (not including airfares and food). A 2 week program was been introduced due to demand. Nature Seychelles is a Private Training and Educational Institution under Seychelles law and a Certificate of Completion is awarded at the end of the training. 

  1. Cousin Island Special Reserve - the 50 year old conservation success story - as a laboratory to test the program.
  2. Funding to support the initial implementation and testing of the program
  3. Nature Seychelles is a certified private training institution by law
  4. Leadership and mentorship from the CE who has over 35 years conservation experience
  5. Existing human resource to support the implementation
  1. Initial funding is important as program depends on participants to fill all slots for it to be viable and sustainable. Not all slots were filled throughout the year.
  2. Having well-known successes provides credibility and helps in attracting participants.
  3. Necessary information laid out in a CBC handbook provided prior knowledge before sign up. 
  4. One size doesn’t fit all - although targeted at people interested in conservation careers, some participants had no previous or post interest in conservation.
  5. Mentorship with well-known figure helps to boost confidence and catalyse conservation careers
  6. Program not able to attract participants throughout the year. Under review to improve numbers so that it remains viable after the GEF funding ends. 
  7. The program was valuable for people from the region, in particular from Madagascar (18 participants), especially where there are not
    exposed to conservation success stories. 
Strong partnerships and open communication

The private sector is commonly described as being blind to environmental issues. The reality, however, is that the private sector is heavily invested in biodiversity. The project was an opportunity for companies to deepen their understanding of environmental issues and to develop the corporate habit of thinking beyond the bottom line. Less obviously, it is an opportunity for environmental specialists to deepen their understanding of business and development dynamics and to learn to include bottom line analysis in their own evaluations.

Robust communication practices went hand in hand with the partnership. Because of the sensitivity around the issue among environmental organizations and other sectors, the approach toward the project was to make information transparent and publicly available. The partners described very clearly what they was doing and what they were not doing – and why. Information was made available through fact sheets and the project website, and by engaging in public discussions and meetings.

A number of other efforts were made to ensure information was flowing freely between the key stakeholders. For example, in early 2009, IUCN held a Consultative Technical Workshop on Dhamra Port in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, followed by a trip to the port site. The interactive forum brought together a diverse mix of government representatives, the private sector, leading local and international scientists, technical experts, academics and local community representatives. Work with the press ensured that messages were disseminated at a national level. These efforts encouraged participation and helped to dispel confusion.

Provide and support conservation projects and programs to strengthen relationships and enhance park values

The purpose of this building block is to have relevant projects that provide a benefit for Lamington National Park. Examples include revegetation projects, public events, education programs and materials. By working together with the community and volunteer organisations, projects can be guided/developed to benefit Lamington National Park and its stakeholders. Having structured projects and programs provide volunteers with a purpose for their time and also assist in implementing the management plan for the park.

It is important that projects and programs are appropriate and work towards park management goals; are do-able by the volunteers; have a high chance of achieving success; and have a purpose understood by and supported by all involved.

Conservation projects and programs must be tailored to the age and skill set of the volunteers. Park staff must also have realistic expectations about the supervisory role they play. The outcomes of the projects need to also be desirable by all parties so everyone is working towards their aspirations.

Develop Memorandum of Understandings between Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service & Partnerhsips (QPWS&P) and volunteer organisations

Volunteer agreements (Memorandum of Understanding) exist between each association (LNHA and GMNHA) and the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service and Partnerships (QPWS&P). The agreements sets out the roles and responsibilities of both parties. Although they are not legally binding, it establishes the commitment of the department and volunteers that has contributed to the longevity and growth of the relationship.

It is important that the Volunteer Agreements are clear and supported, and capture the requirements and aspirations of both parties while being mutually beneficial. It must cover all the important parts of the negotiated agreement and be in line with legislation and government policies. It sets out the duties and responsibilities of all involved, including financial arrangements.

A successful volunteer agreement needs flexibility built into it so that it can be informally adapted over time as required. Communication also needs to be open and transparent while developing the agreement.

Establishing and enhancing Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service & Partnerships (QPWS&P) and community relationships

The relationship between protected areas staff and the community is important for effective protected area management. The rapport Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service & Partnerships (QPWS&P), particularly rangers have with the local community, including the natural history association volunteers provides a suite of benefits for Lamington National Park and conservation.

 

The reciprocal relationship the associations have with QPWS&P sees the department providing the volunteers with QPWS&P volunteer uniforms, accommodation and meeting rooms, maintenance of the visitor centres, resources for other activities and a volunteer accreditation weekend every 2 years. The accreditation weekends span a full two days with accommodation, catering, guest speakers and venue supplied or arranged by QPWS&P. Guest speakers often include both QPWS&P and external experts in the field of environmental management. In return, the volunteers staff volunteer centres on weekends and school holidays providing park information to visitors and participating in park conservation projects.

QPWS&P and volunteers have a relationship built on trust and a mutual respect for what each organisation can contribute to the ongoing management of Lamington National Park.  Open and respectful communication with a positive attitude and clearly set responsibilities and boundaries.

Building and maintaining relationships with community volunteers in park management is enhanced by ensuring formalised, regular accreditation. By giving back to the volunteers and providing consistent messaging promotes longevity of the relationship and builds trust.

Potential as a Transferable Model

According to Costa et al, “Brazil was the first country in the world to implement a National Policy for Agroecology and Organic Production”. It is therefore worthy of notice that the Policy has been widely implemented in the country, succeeding as a good example of a multi-sectoral public policy, despite the challenges it still faces. Furthermore, PNAPO has served as inspiration for Brazilian States (such as Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, Goiás, São Paulo and Amazonas), the Federal District and Municipalities to elaborate their own state and municipal policies, following the guidelines of the National Policy and adapting them to their own realities and necessities. Hence PNAPO is likely suitable to be transferred to other situations.

Indeed, there were many exchanges with other Latin American countries, thanks to (and within) REAF – Rede Especializada da Agricultura Familiar. Within this context, a number of the strategies, initiatives and programmes set out by and developed under the umbrella of the PNAPO, such as the Segunda Água Programme and the public calls for ATER, are highly transferable to other countries with common characteristics and issues, with emphasis to those from the global south with large agricultural areas.

In particular, Brazil’s National School Feeding Programme has been recognized by various actors (UNDP, WFP, FAO) and has spiked interest from governments in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

Shaping change - Towards the eThekwini Municipality’s community ecosystem-based adaptation (CEBA) programme

The Durban CEBA initiative has expanded on the original ecosystem management, and reforestation approaches. This was done by embracing a more holistic understanding of the link between communities and the ecosystems that underwrite their welfare and livelihoods, especially in the face of climate change risks. It involves climate-relevant knowledge transfer, creating local jobs and developing small businesses, all of which help to ensure cleaner, greener and more sustainable neighborhoods. As a result, communities become less dependent on costly utilities and services, and through their direct participation, they become joint owners of  a new green economy sector in Durban. Key elements include:

  • The management and/or restoration of local ecosystems. This is primarily through improving, for example, river flow regulation and erosion control, which can boost climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction.
  • Ensuring communities understand climate change related risks and how to adapt to and better manage climate related disasters.
  • The upliftment of local communities through the establishment of “green jobs” for the poor and unemployed.
  • The establishment of delivery partnerships between the eThekwini Municipality, other spheres of Government, Businesses, NGOs and local communities.
  • Ongoing learning process - integration of lessons learnt from local projects, such as the Buffelsdraai Landfill Site Community Reforestation Project and other pilot measures in the Municipality.
  • Framing biodiversity as bio-infrastructure helped to put EbA at the heart of the development debate.
  • Support from politicians and leaders within the municipality.
  • Experience with the ongoing development of Durban’s Municipal Climate Protection Programme indicates that achieving EBA in cities means moving beyond the conceptualization of a uniform one-size-fits-all approach, of street trees and parks, to a more detailed understanding of the complex ecology of indigenous ecosystems and their resilience under climate change conditions. When healthy, these systems deliver better ecosystem services, as well as jobs for people employed to management them.
  • It also means engaging with the role that this “bio-infrastructure” plays in shaping the quality of life and socioeconomic opportunities of the most vulnerable human communities.
  • Despite the long-term sustainability gains of this approach, implementation in Durban has been shown to be both technically challenging and resource intensive.
  • Large-scale EbA implementation will require changes in the roles, responsibilities and functions of existing local government institutions.

(Roberts et al. 2012)

Food and income-based compensation scheme for fishers

To support the overall hilsa fishery management plan, food grain compensation or training on alternative income-generation is provided to households directly impacted by hilsa fishing bans. Households receive either a monthly ration of rice throughout the long (four-month) fishing ban period, or they receive training and materials to help them diversify their income. If in receipt of the latter (referred to as AIGA – alternative income-generating activities), households are typically not entitled to rice compensation. Under AIGA, training offered includes livestock rearing, sewing, agriculture and net-mending. 

Both the food grain and the AIGA schemes are government schemes which were already established before the fisheries scheme, meaning these schemes could be readily linked to the fisheries scheme.

  • Because the food grain and AIGA schemes pre-date the national fishery management plan, neither were necessarily well-suited to addressing the complexities of fishing-based livelihoods
  • Households receiving AIGA were generally not entitled to food grain, and uptake for the AIGA scheme was very low – in around 2014 only some 0.5% of households received this kind of support
  • Ensuring participation from the outset of compensation scheme design will help to address this issue by ensuring local needs and wants are accounted for 
  • Many non-monetary benefits and costs, including opportunity costs, can be very difficult to account for and value